Pungent relative

With the exception of neopentyl alcohol (mp 53°C), the amyl alcohols are clear, colorless Hquids under atmospheric conditions, with characteristic, slightly pungent and penetrating odors. They have relatively higher boiling poiats than ketonic or hydrocarbon counterparts and are considered iatermediate boiling solvents for coating systems (Table 1) (1—16). 

There are very few examples of naturally occurring, fully unsaturated azepines.100 Surprisingly, in view of the relative stabilities of the azepine tautomers (vide supra), the 2/7-azepine, chal-ciporone (24) and the related propanoate ester, norchalciporyl propanoate (25), are the pungent components of the peppery mushroom, Chalciporus piperatus,40... 

Troop exposure to these materials could result from leaking DF containers, accidents that disrupt packaging, spills at production or storage facilities, or accidents during transport. Because DF and DC are relatively volatile compounds, the primary route of exposure is expected to be the respiratory system. However, ingestion also results from inhalation exposures in animals and could occur in humans. DF and DC vapors have a pungent odor and may cause severe and painful irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs. Data provided are for DF only, DC has similar properties. 

The family Cruciferae contains several economically important vegetables, such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and cauliflower. There has always been some ambivalence about the use of these vegetables. While some of them have desirable, pungent flavors, cooking odors tend to deter their consumption. It is stated that cauliflowers are rarely purchased in France and there is a relatively low consumption of sauerkraut in the USA.55... 

Although the extraction of primary amines from a basic medium with chloroform is an inadvisable procedure, on account of the formation of trace amounts of the pungent isonitriles, the specific synthesis of isonitriles by the two-phase reaction of primary amines with chloroform is unreliable. However, the application of the phase-transfer technique [e.g. 1 -5] for the controlled release of dichlorocarbene facilitates the synthesis of isonitriles in relatively high yields (Table 7.12). 

Ozone has a very distinctive pungent odor. It exists in our lower atmosphere in very small trace amounts. In higher concentrations it is irritating and even poisonous. Ozone is in relatively low concentrations at sea level. In the upper atmosphere, where it is more concentrated, it absorbs ultraviolet radiation, which protects the Earth and us from excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation. 

DETAILS - A crude extract of hemlock was used by the ancient Greeks to execute enemies of the state. Plato s description of the death of Socrates is a very detailed account of the symptoms and their progression. Pure coniine has a burning taste similar to low-grade hot sauce and a characteristic odor which should be masked. Hard liquor or pungent spicy foods are best for this. Coniine poisoning is a relatively painless process, but takes several hours and the victim is conscious and aware to the very end. 

The stratosphere is often referred to as the ozone layer, because of the relatively high concentrations produced by photochemical reactions in this region of the atmosphere. Ozone, derived from the Greek word meaning to smell, was first discovered by Schonbein in 1839. It has a rather pungent smell, which is sometimes noticeable around copy machines and laser printers that use discharge processes. 

Bai Zhu can directly dry dampness in the Middle-Jiao as it is pungent and warm, and enters the Spleen meridian directly. It has a relatively strong function in tonifying the Spleen-Qi compared with the other two herbs. It is often used in the syndrome where dampness accumulates in the Middle-Jiao when the Spleen-Qi is too weak to transform and transport it. 

Bai Zhu can directly dry dampness as it is pungent and warm. It has a relatively strong function to tonify the Spleen-Qi compared with the other two herbs. 

Ozone is a pungent pollutant. It causes eye irritation and at high levels can be lethal. Plant life suffers when exposed to even relatively low concentrations of ozone, and it causes rubber to harden and turn brittle. To protect tires from ozone, manufacturers have incorporated paraffin wax, which reacts preferentially with the ozone, sparing the rubber. As we ll see in Section 17-4, ozone is also formed by natural processes in Earth s stratosphere, where it filters out as much as 95 percent of the sun s ultraviolet rays. So, at Earth s surface, ozone is a harmful pollutant, while 25 kilometers straight up it serves as a sunscreen and is vital for the good health of all living organisms. 

Coenen et al. [60,61] proposed a two-step extraction for the separation of pungent compounds and carotenoid fractions. Aroma- and pungent components were recovered at 120 bar and 40°C, and the paprika residue was re-extracted at 320 bar and 40°C to recover carotenoids. The solubility of capsaicin in carbon dioxide was relatively low at a pressure of 120 bar, so a great amount of solvent (for example 130 kg of CO2 per kg of paprika) was needed to recover the aroma components totally. The extraction time was 6.5 hour. In the separator the pressure was 56 bar and the temperature was 45°C. The orange, paste-like extract recovered in the first step was extremely pungent in taste. It contained water, and the yield was about 15%. In the second step, a relatively great amount of CO2 (approximately 50 kg/kg) was needed to recover the carotenoids in quantitative yield. The extraction time was 4 hours. The dark red, liquid colour-concentrate is without capsaicinoids. The yield was 2.5%. 

Dimethyl Sulfide. DMS has a pungent obnoxious odor and is fairly stable in water. It has a maximum solubility of 17.7g/l in distilled water at room temperatures (30). The oxidation products—-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl sulfone (DMSO,)—are relatively odorless, nontoxic and water soluble (31). 

Angelica Root Oil occurs as a pale yellow to deep amber liquid with a warm, pungent odor and bittersweet taste. It is obtained by steam distillation of the dried slender rootlets of Angelica archangelica L. (Fam. Umbelliferae). It is soluble in most fixed oils, slightly soluble in mineral oil, but relatively insoluble in glycerin and in propylene glycol. 

Garlic, Allium sativum L., is a species in the onion family, Alliaceae. Onion, shallot, and leek are close relatives. Garlic has been used throughout history for both culinary and medicinal purposes. It has a pungent hot sensation that mellows and sweetens considerably with cooking. A large number of sulfur compounds contribute to the smell and taste of members of the onion family. Diallyl disulfide and diallyl sulfide are... 

Isoflurane is a volatile colourless liquid, which is not flanamable at normal anaesthetic concentrations. It is relatively insoluble, and has a lower blood/gas coefficient than halothane or enflurane, which allows rapid adjustment of the depth of anaesthesia. It has a pungent odour and can cause bronchial irritation, which makes inhalational induction unpleasant. Isoflurane is minimally metabolised (0.2%), and none of the breakdown products has been related to anaesthetic toxicity. 

The compound known as muscone has only relatively recently been made in the lab. It is the pungent aroma that makes up the base-note of musk fragrances. Before chemists had determined its structure and devised a laboratory synthesis the only source of musk was the musk deer, now rare for this very reason. Muscone s skeleton is a 13-membered ring of carbon atoms. 

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