Pulmonary manifestations

Current tobacco smoking. Studies have identified a direct relationship between tobacco use and RA disease severity.3 Tobacco users also have an increased risk of pulmonary manifestations of RA. This risk is reduced when a patient has remained tobacco-free for at least 10 years. 

It Is clear enough from the available data that no acute cases of intoxication by chemical pollutants have been observed within any part of the Love Canal community, wet or dry. That is, no clusters of cases of acute liver disease, or kidney disease, or pulmonary manifestations, or hemolytic anemia or agranulocytosis, and certainly no peripheral or central nervous system syndromes. 

Eike SEE, PAN has a wide range of clinical manifestations. These include fever, weight loss, severe abdominal and musculoskeletal pain, tachycardia, acute glomerulonephritis, polyneuritis, myocardial inferction, and such pulmonary manifestations as bronchial asthma. The frequency of this disease is approximately 8 per 1,000 population, but the clinical diagnosis rate is considerably lower than postmortem studies suggest. In the United States incidence is reported to range from 3 to 4.5 cases per 100,000 population per year. Renal involvement is one of the most common and devastating aspects of... 

Lilis R, Miller A, Lerman Y. 1985. Acute mercury poisoning with severe chronic pulmonary manifestations. Chest 88 306-309. 

Bogucki, S and Weir, S. Pulmonary Manifestations of Intentionally Released Chemical and Biological Agents. Chnics in Chest Medicine, 23 777-794, 2002... 

Melioidosis may present in an acute form (described) with skin or pulmonary manifestations or multi-organ absesses anywhere in the body or in a chronic form with protean manifestations... 

Siddiqui AK, Ahmed S. Pulmonary manifestations of sickle cell disease. Postgrad Med J 2003 79 384-390. 

ERASMUS, L.D. (1957) Scleroderma in gold miners on the Witwatersrand with particular reference to pulmonary manifestations. South African Journal of Clinical Laboratories, 3, 209-231. 

Garay SM, Belenko M, Fazzini E, et al. Pulmonary manifestations of Kaposi s sarcoma. Chest. 1987 91 39-43. 

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown origin that occurs most commonly in young adults. Pulmonary manifestations occur in more than 90% of patients. Accumulation of CD4 T cells that proliferate in situ spontaneously produces inflammatory cytokines and causes a lymphocytic alveolitis and granulomatous lesions. The disease is characterized by autoantibodies on erythrocytes (Pilatte et al., 1990), but deregulation of the immune response, in particular the cytokine response, is an alternative explanation to an autoimmune pathogenesis. 

Andre M, Canon JL, Levecque P, Dermine P, Mortier C, Leveau F (1991) Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with L-tryptophan A case report with pulmonary manifestations and review of the literature. Acta Clin Belg, 46 178-182. 

Ball JA Young KR Jr (1998) Pulmonary manifestations of Goodpasture s syndrome. Antiglomerular basement membrane disease and related disorders. Clin Chest Med, 19(4) 777-791. 

Among pulmonary manifestations of drug allergy, therapeutic or professional (factory workers) inhalation of penicillins may lead to asthma (Rudzki et al. 1966 Davies et al. 1974), while the occurrence of pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia has also been reported (Reichlin et al. 1953). 

Dunnill MG, Black MM (1994) Sclerodermatous syndrome after occupational exposure to herbicides-response to systemic steroids. Clin Exp Dermatol 19 518-520 Ebihara I, Kawami M (1985) Health hazards of mineral dust with special reference to the causation of immuno-pathologic systemic diseases. J Sci Labour 61 1-31 Epstein IH, Tuffanelli DL, Dubois EL (1965) Light sensitivity and lupus erythematosus. Arch Dermatol 91 483-485 Erasmus LD (1957) Scleroderma in gold-miners on the Witwa-tersrand with particular reference to pulmonary manifestations. South Afr Lab Clin Med 3 209-231 Evans DJ, Posner E (1971) Pneumoconiosis in laundry workers. Environ Res 4 127-128... 

Pulmonary manifestation of chronic GvHD occurs in approximately 10% of patients usually 9 months after allogeneous transplantation (Fig. 27.13) (Leblond et al. 1994). Bronchiohtis obhterans is the pulmonary manifestation of this rejection (Conces 1999). Unfortunately, the radiological appearance is similar to viral pneumonia, and to make things more complicated, clinical appearance and time point for both diseases are often similar (Fig. 27.1). 

Ito I, Nagai S, Kitaichi M, et al. Pulmonary manifestations of primary Sjogren s syndrome a clinical, radiologic, and pathologic smdy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005 171 632 38. 

Cain HC, Noble PW, Matthay RA. Pulmonary manifestations of Sjogren s syndrome. Clin Chest Med 1998 19 687 99. 

Matthay RA, Schwarz MI, Petty TL, et al. Pulmonary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus review of twelve cases of acute lupus pneumonitis. Medicine (Baltimore) 1975 54 397 09. 

The spectrum of sarcoidosis is protean, and virtually any organ can be involved (1 ). Multisystemic involvement is characteristic, but pulmonary involvement usually dominates (l-3,5-7). A recent study of 736 patients with sarcoidosis in the United States found that 95% had intrathoracic disease (8). In the next chapter, Dr. Judson discusses extrapulmonary sarcoidosis in depth. In this chapter, we limit our discussion to pulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis (6). 

Beryllium-related pulmonary manifestations exist on a continuum from acute inhalational injury to acute pneumonitis, beryllium sensitization, and the chronic form, that has been called berylliosis, chronic berylliosis, and which is now known as chronic beryllium disease (CBD). 

Katkin IP, Hansen TN, Langston C, et al. Pulmonary manifestations of AIDS in children. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis 1990 1 40. 

A wide variety of specific and nonspecific pulmonary manifestations are observed in RA but ILD, with or without airway involvement, is probably the predominant and most serious manifestation (Table 1) (1,2,135). Pulmonary fibrosis is the second or third most frequent cause of death (3.9-17.5%), after infection or cardiovascular accidents (136-138). 

The connective tissue diseases (CTDs) by definition involve multiple organs of the body. Similarly, these CTD may involve multiple anatomic areas of the lungs and extrapulmonary thorax, which can influence the course of disease. Although interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most common manifestation of most of the CTD, a separate chapter is focused on the pathology, treatment, and clinical outcome of the many ILD presentations. Dr. Nunes and colleagues reviewed the pleural and non-ILD pulmonary manifestations of the CTD in chapter 19. 

Systemic sclerosis (SSc, scleroderma) is a complicated systemic disease with many pulmonary manifestations. Although ILD and pulmonary arterial hypertension are the best-smdied causes of dyspnea in SSc, these topics are covered in... 

About 45% of long-term survivors of allogeneic BMT develop chronic GVHD. Histologic pulmonary manifestations of GVHD include diffuse alveolar damage. 

Pulmonary involvement is noted in 55% to 80% of patients with WG (1,3,5,8,10). The spectmm of pulmonary manifestations includes asymptomatic... 

Mean age at the time of CSS diagnosis is 48 years, with a sex ratio of approximately 1 1. Most patients have general symptoms, like fever or weight loss, but pulmonary manifestations are core disease features, particularly asthma and patchy pulmonary infiltrates (Fig. 1) (about 100% and 70% patients, respectively) (2, 16,21-25). Airways involvement, including ear, nose, and... 

In this review, we will provide an overview of MPA, with particular reference to its pulmonary manifestations. 

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