Pseudoephedrine causes

Having examined the results achieved during Operation Crystal Flow, the Board notes that increased monitoring of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine caused traffickers to obtain non-scheduled substances. Some of the non-scheduled substances were traded specifically to circumvent controls. The Board therefore urges competent authorities to establish adequate mechanisms for identifying suspicious transactions involving non-scheduled chemical substances. 

Wilson H, Woods D. Pseudoephedrine causing mania-like symptoms. N Z Med J 2002 115(1148) 86. 

Pseudoephedrine Causes vasoconstriction and subsequent shrinkage of nasal mucous membranes by alpha-adrenergic stimulation, which promotes nasal drainage. 

Loratadine/pseudoephedrine sulfate is an antihistamine/ decongestant. Loratadine competitively antagonizes histamine at the Hj receptor. Pseudoephedrine causes vasoconstriction and subsequent shrinkage of nasal mucous membranes by alpha-adrenergic stimulation, promoting nasal drainage. They are indicated in the relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis. 

Pseudoephedrine (see Table 79-2) is an oral decongestant that has a slower onset of action than topical agents but may last longer and cause less local irritation. Also, rhinitis medicamentosa does not occur with oral decongestants. Doses up to 180 mg produce no measurable change in blood pressure... 

Chlorpheniramine reduces the allergic response of the organism caused by histamine. It is nsed for allergy symptoms, rhinitis, and also as an ingredient in numerons compositions with ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, which are recommended for colds, npper respiratory... 

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed, Novafed, Afrinol, Others) [OTC] [Decongestant/Sympothomimetic] Uses Deconge tant Action Stimulates a-adren gic rec tors w/ vasoconstriction Dose Adults. 30-60 mg PO q6—8h Peds. 4 mg/kg/24 h PO qid -1- in renal insuff Caution [C, +] Contra Poorly controlled HTN or CAD, w/MAOIs Disp Tabs, caps, Liq SE HTN, insomnia, tach, arrhythmias, nervousness, tremor Interactions T Risk of HTN crisis W/ MAOIs T effects W/BBs, sympathomimetics X effects W/TCAs -1- effect OF methyldopa, reserpine EMS Found in many OTC cough/cold pr >arations use sympathomimetics w/ caution, may T adverse effects OD May cause N/V, HTN, arrhythmias, and Szs symptomatic and supportive... 

Geriatric Considerations - Summary Pseudoephedrine activates alpha-adrenergic receptors with the potential for CNS stimulation and increased blood pressure. Pseu-doephedrine causes increased urethral tone which would benefit stress incontinence but could cause urinary retention in older males with prostate hypertrophy. Older adults may have a greater sensitivity to the CNS effects of pseudoephedrine. 

Pseudoephedrine is often used by scuba divers to avoid ear barotrauma. The psychometric and cardiac effects of pseudoephedrine have been evaluated at 1 atmosphere (100 kPa, sea level) and 3 atmospheres (30 kPa, 20 m) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 30 active divers in a hyperbaric chamber (253). Pseudoephedrine did not cause significant alterations in psychometric performance at 3 atmospheres. 

A young child suffered from visual hallucinations caused by high doses of pseudoephedrine (254). 

SYMPATHOMIMETICS CYTOTOXICS -PROCARBAZINE Co-administration of ephedrine, metaraminol, methylphenidate, phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine (including nasal and ophthalmic solutions) with procarbazine may cause a prolongation and t intensity of the cardiac stimulant effects and effects on BP, which may lead to headache, arrhythmias, hypertensive or hyperpyretic crisis The metabolism of sympathomimetics is impaired due to an inhibition of MAO It is recommended that sympathomimetics not be administered during and within 14 days of stopping procarbazine. Do not use any OTC nasal decongestants (sprays or oral preparations) or asthma relief agents without consulting the pharmacist/doctor... 

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