Proton Conduction in Fuel Cells

Hydrogen-Transfer Reactions. Edited by J. T. Hynes, J. P. Klinman, H. H. Limbach, and R. L. Schowen Copyright (g) 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN 978-3-527-30777-7 

The transport of protons and electrons, the electrode reactions and the total reaction are indicated. 

The discussion in all the sections makes use of many results from simulations. For a brief introduction to the underlying models and techniques the interested reader is referred to Ref. [3]. 

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For a long time, solid-state methods have been successfully used to study molecular dynamics in material science applications, ranging from the investigation of chain order in elastomers (see, for example. Ref. for a recent application) to the investigation of the mechanism of proton conduction in fuel cell polymer electrolyte membranes. While solution-state NMR techniques have provided unprecedented insight into the... 

Korte, C. (2012) Phosphoric acid, an electrolyte for intermediate-temperature fuel cells — temperature and composition dependence of vapor pressure and proton conductivity, in Fuel Cell Science and Engineering, 1st edn. 

Kreuer K-D (2007) Proton conduction in fuel cells. In Limbach HH, Schowen RL, Hynes IT, Klinman JP (eds) Hydrogen-transfer reactions, vol 1. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 709-736, chap. 23... 

S. R. Narayanan, A. Kindler, B. Jeffries-Nakamura, W. Chun, H. Frank, M. Smart, S. Surampudi, and G. Halpert, in Proc. of the First International Symposium on Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells, Ed. by S. Gottesfield, G. Halpert, and A. R. Landgrebe, The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, PV 95-23, 1995, pp. 261-266. 

Stephen J. Paddison received a B.Sc.(Hon.) in Chemical Physics and a Ph.D. (1996) in Physical/Theoretical Chemistry from the University of Calgary, Canada. He was, subsequently, a postdoctoral fellow and staff member in the Materials Science Division at Los Alamos National Laboratory, where he conducted both experimental and theoretical investigations of sulfonic acid polymer electrolyte membranes. This work was continued while he was part of Motorola s Computational Materials Group in Los Alamos. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Chemistry and Materials Science Departments at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL. Research interests continue to be in the development and application of first-principles and statistical mechanical methods in understanding the molecular mechanisms of proton transport in fuel-cell materials. 

FIGURE 1.2 Polarization curves of a hydrogen-air fuel cell. (From Kolde, J.A., et al., in Proton Conducting Membranes Fuel Cells 1. The Electrochemical Society Meetings, Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, Vol. 95-23, 1995, 193-201. With permission.)... 

Miyake, N. et ah. Durability of Asahi Kasei Aciplex membrane for PEM fuel cell application, in Proceedings of the 206th ECS Meeting Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells IV, Honolulu, HI, October 3-8, 2004, p. 333. 

R. M. Darling, and J. P. Meyers, Kinetic model of platinum dissolution in PEM fuel cells in E. Society (Ed.), Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells III, 2005, p. 44. 

FIGURE 27.11 (See color insert following page S88.) H2 permeability as a function of temperature and RH. Upper limit (solid line) defined by crossover losses (assuming no contribution from O2 crossover), lower Umit (dotted Une) defined by electrode ionomer film-transport requirements, and data are for wet and dry Nafion 1100 EW-based membranes. (Reproduced from Gasteiger, H.A. and Mathias, M. F., in Proceedings of the Symposium on Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells III, 2003. The Electrochemical Society of America. With permission from The Electrochemical Society, Inc.)... 

Ammonium polyphosphate composite-based proton conductors for the intermediate temperature range (200°C-300°C) have been found to possess good proton conductivity (0.1 Scm at 300°C) under humidified conditions [147], This temperature range would not have any kinetics or CO poisoning problem, but improving stability of the proton conductor in fuel cell conditions is still a challenge [148-151]. 

H.A. Gasteiger and M.F. Mathias. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells III, The Electrochemical Society of America, 2003. 

M. Iwase, S. Kawatsu in Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells I, S. Gottesfeld, G. Halpert, A. Landgrebe (Eds), the Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, Oct (1995),... 

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