Proteins Antibodies Collagen

Pristane-Induced Arthritis (PIA) Model. In one strain of mice, DBA/1, injection of a mineral oil pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) into joint regions induces arthritic disease associated with a broad spectrum of autoantibody production, including rheumatoid factor, anti-collagen and antiheat shock protein antibodies, and polyclonal T cell activation (Wooley and Whalen, 1991). Later work showed the ability to modulate the disease by immunoregulatory agents, e.g., administration of IL-12 cytokine (Beech et al., 1997). However, this disease-induction model appears less frequently used, likely due to lower reproducibility between laboratories, and potential... 

Proteins that enable the cell to perform special functions within the organism, e.g., hemoglobin, muscle proteins, storage proteins, cilial proteins and exoproteins, such as collagen blood plasma proteins, antibodies, milk proteins, and proteohormones, structural and regulatory proteins required for the specialized function of the cell, etc. 

Pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) is a mineral oil known to induce arthritis, a disease also referred to as pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) [58], Susceptibility to PIA is MHC-haplotype dependent, in that DBA/1 (H2q) mice are susceptible whereas DBA/2 (H2d) are not, and is accompanied by a broad spectrum of autoantibodies, including anti-Rheuma Factor (RF), anti-collagen and antibodies to heat shock proteins (HSP). PIA is clearly immune dependent since nu/nu mice and irradiated mice do not develop PIA. PIA involves polyclonal T cell activation [59], particularly CD4+ cells [58], Intriguingly, mice can be protected from developing PIA by HSP65-specilic CD4+ Th2 cells [60],... 

In living systems, proteins function as catalysts (enzymes), for defense (antibodies, immunoglobulins), signal transduction (hormones, receptors), metabolic regulation (hormones, enzymes, receptors, ion channels), movement (microtubules), and architecture (structural proteins such as collagen). 

Collagen-like triple helices also occur within other proteins. One of these is protein Clq, a component of the complement system of blood (Chapter 31). This protein interacts with antibodies to trigger a major aspect of the immune response. Clq has six subunits, each made up of three different polypeptide chains of about 200 residues apiece. Beginning a few residues from the N termini, there are over 80 residues in each chain with collagen-like sequences. The three chains apparently form a triple helix within each subunit. However, the C-terminal portions are globular in nature.200 Collagen-like tails also are present on some forms of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (see Chapter 12C,10). Tire extensins of plant cell walls contain 4-hydroxyproline and evidently have a structure... 

Pringle GA, Dodd CM. Immunoelectron microscopic localization of the core protein of decorin near the d and e bands of tendon collagen fibrils by use of monoclonal antibodies. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry 1990, 38, 1405-1411. 

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