Tendons, collagen

Repetitive overuse of a tendon can cause cellular changes in the tissues. Specifically, collagenous tendon tissue is replaced with tissue that lacks the longitudinal structure of a normal tendon.16 As a result, the tendon progressively loses elasticity and its ability to handle stress or weight. This makes the tendon vulnerable to rupture or inflammation (tendonitis and tenosynovitis). 

Storage Structural Contractile Ferritin Collagen (tendons), keratin (hair) Actin, myosin in muscle tissue... 

Goldstein, I.D., Tria, A.I., Zawadsky, l.R, Kato, Y.P., Christiansen, D., and Silver, F.H. 1989. Development of a reconstituted collagen tendon prosthesis. A preliminary implantation study. /. Bone Joint Surg. 71-A 1183-1191. 

Kato, Y.P., Dunn, M.G., Zawadsky, J.P., Tria, A.J., and Silver, F.H. (1991) Regeneration of Achilles tendon using a collagen tendon prosthesis Results of a year long implantation smdyc Journal Bone and Joint Surgery, 73-A, 561-574. 

Structural Collagen (tendons) keratin (hair) Structural and protective components in organisms... 

Collagen is a rigid, inextensible fibrous protein that is a principal constituent of connective tissue in animals, including tendons, cartilage, bones, teeth, skin, and blood vessels. The high tensile strength of collagen fibers in these struc-... 

Collagen, the principal fibrous protein in mammalian tissue, has a tertiary structure made up of twisted a-helices. Three polypeptide chains, each of which is a left-handed helix, are twisted into a right-handed super helix to form an extremely strong tertiary structure. It has remarkable tensile strength, which makes it important in the structure of bones, tendons, teeth, and cartilage. 

The amino acid sequence of the collagen type I (bone, skin, tendon) is nearly completely known6. The sequence of the different tripeptides in the archain shows a more or less statistic distribution. The content of the tripeptides in the archain of type I collagen, however, is quite different (Table 1). 

Gelatin is a protein, made from the hydrolysis of collagen, a protein that makes up about a third of all mammalian tissue. Collagen is a key component of connective tissues, tendons, and bones. 

Skeletal muscle consists of muscle fibers linked together by connective tissue. Tendons and ligaments are composed of collagenous fibers that have a restricted capability to stretch. Tendons connect the muscle to the bone, whereas ligaments connect bone to bone (Fig. 57-1). 

Repeated use also may cause degradation of collagen.17 In fact, many patients diagnosed with chronic tendonitis may not have inflammation but instead have tendinosis, a condition marked by these collagen changes. Overuse of a joint also can result in an inflamed bursa. Since the bursa serves to reduce friction within the joint space, bursitis causes stiffness and pain. 

Different tissues in the body have different types of collagen (there are 27 in total) classified as collagen types I, II, and so on. Type I collagen, for example, the most abundant collagen of the human body, makes up the tendons and the organic part of bone type II collagen makes up articular cartilage type IV makes up the eye lens type VII and type XI colla-... 

The piezoelectric properties of collagen have been investigated in complex biological systems such as bone and tendon. The piezoelectric properties of bone have a great interest in view of their role in bone remodeling. The bone stress... 

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