Protein dexamethasone

Glucocorticoids have been shown to inhibit gene transcription of other proteins involved in the inflammatory process, including the key inflammation mediators called cytokines (IL-1, IL3—6, IL8, GM-CSF, TNFa) (10,58,63—65). Steroids have been also shown to suppress the formation of cytokine receptors (10) dexamethasone, in particular, downregulates gene transcription of angiotensin II type 2 receptors (66). 

Villiger PM, Terkeltaub R, Lotz M. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression in human articular cartilage. Induction by peptide regulatory factors and differential effects of dexamethasone and retinoic acid. J Clin Invest 1992 90(2) 488 196. 

R.Z. Turncliff, P.J. Meier, and K.L. Brouwer. Effect of dexamethasone treatment on the expression and function of transport proteins in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 32 834—839 (2004). 

One class of agents which inhibits LT production in stimulated cell systems, but probably not by direct 5-LO inhibition, is the anti-inflammatory corticosteroids, represented by dexamethasone (10) [30-34]. The well-known inhibition of PG production seen with eorticosteroids is not due to direct CO inhibition, but has been attributed to the inhibition of arachidon-ic acid mobilization by phospholipase A2, caused by enhanced biosynthesis of one or more proteins called lipocortins [35] (although this hypothesis is now being seriously questioned [36]). More recent evidence indicates the possibility of down-regulation of CO enzyme levels [37-39] similar mechanisms involving altered gene regulation could be involved in the observed effects on LT production as well. 

The glucocorticosteroid dexamethasone (Dexa) was coupled to HSA and Maujo-HSA for targeting to SECs and KCs. Dexa itself could not be coupled directly to the protein, and... 

Cortisol, the most important g/ucocorticoid, is synthesized by the adrenal cortex, it is involved in regulating protein and carbohydrate metabolism by promoting protein degradation and the conversion of amino acids into glucose. As a result, the blood glucose level rises (see p. 152). Synthetic glucocorticoids (e.g., dexamethasone) are used in drugs due to their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects. 

Reproduced with permission from Zhang, J. R, Wong, C. K., and Lam, C. W. K. Role of caspases in dexamethasone-induced apoptosis and activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in human eosinophils. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 122,20-27 (2000) and Blackwell Science Ltd. 

Takahashi H, Umeda N, Tsutsumi Y, Fukumura R, Ohkaze H, Sujino M, van der Horst G, Yasui A, Inouye ST, Fujimori A, Ohhata T, Araki R, Abe M (2003) Mouse dexamethasone-induced RAS protein 1 gene is expressed in a circadian rhythmic manner in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 110 1-6... 

The adrenal cortex produces steroidal hormones that are associated with carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism, electrolyte balance, and gonadal functions. One of these, cortisone. C2iH2805 (11), demonstrated a remarkable ability to relieve the symptoms of inflammatory conditions. Other glucocorticoid steroids, such as dexamethasone, Cj2H2gFO< (12, R = F, R = CIlj), and prednisolone, U21II28O5 (12, R — R — 11), also have antiinflammatory properties. 

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