2- propyl carbonates

ALUMDIUMCOMPOUNDS - ALUMINUMCARBOXYLATES] (Vol2) Isobutyl propyl carbonate [40882-93-7]... 

Numerous research activities have focused on the improvement of the protective films and the suppression of solvent cointercalation. Beside ethylene carbonate, significant improvements have been achieved with other film-forming electrolyte components such as C02 [156, 169-177], N20 [170, 177], S02 [155, 169, 177-179], S/ [170, 177, 180, 181], ethyl propyl carbonate [182], ethyl methyl carbonate [183, 184], and other asymmetric alkyl methyl carbonates [185], vinylpropylene carbonate [186], ethylene sulfite [187], S,S-dialkyl dithiocarbonates [188], vinylene carbonate [189], and chloroethylene carbonate [190-194] (which evolves C02 during reduction [195]). In many cases the suppression of solvent co-intercalation is due to the fact that the electrolyte components form effective SEI films already at potential which are positive relative to the potentials of solvent co-intercalation. An excess of DMC or DEC in the electrolyte inhibits PC co-intercalation into graphite, too [183]. 

Kinetic stability of lithium and the lithiated carbons results from film formation which yields protective layers on lithium or on the surfaces of carbonaceous materials, able to conduct lithium ions and to prevent the electrolyte from continuously being reduced film formation at the Li/PC interphase by the reductive decomposition of PC or EC/DMC yielding alkyl-carbonates passivates lithium, in contrast to the situation with DEC where lithium is dissolved to form lithium ethylcarbonate [149]. EMC is superior to DMC as a single solvent, due to better surface film properties at the carbon electrode [151]. However, the quality of films can be increased further by using the mixed solvent EMC/EC, in contrast to the recently proposed solvent methyl propyl carbonate (MPC) which may be used as a single sol-... 

Isobutyl propyl carbonate, molecular formula, 6V305t... 

The 13C spectrum (fig. 9.6 b) indicates a total loss of ethoxy groups as no peaks are observed at 57.6 ppm (-OCH2-) and 15.9 ppm (-OCHjCHj). The three observed peaks have been assigned19 to the propyl carbons (aCH=9.5 ppm, /3CH=26.3 ppm, 7CH=43.3 ppm). The 13C shift value of the CH is an indication of the stability of the aminosilane coating on the silica surface. Caravajal22 has shown that an increase in the APTS coating stability shifts the aCH peak to higher shift value (APTS solution aCH=7.9 ppm). The observed peak position of the aCH (9.5 ppm) indicates the covalent attachment of the silane molecules to the silica surface. 

Recycling of plastics is difficult, because of the content of the additives PBBs and PBDEs [27]. Pyrolysis of flame retardant material of printed circuit board and electronics components (laboratory scale) produces high amounts of brominated dioxins and furans (2,3,7,8-TeBDF, 29 pg/kg residue after quarts flask pyrolysis in N2/H2 atomosphere at 1100 °C) located in the condensed material. It was known that these plastics contain flame retardants to a maximum of 20 wt%. PBDEs can be extracted from plastics based on propyl-carbonate. The origin of brominated dioxins and furans detectable in propyl-carbonate extract is still to be investigated. Further recycling activities which process flame retarded plastics might produce hazardous products, an aspect that has to be investigated more closely [27]. 

The extraction of A-nitrosopyrrolidine (Fig. 5.8) from bacon involves the use of a cyanopropyl column, and the mechanism is hydrogen bonding between the amino nitrogen of the A-nitrosopyrrolidine and the underlying silica surface, as well as an interaction between the propyl carbons and the analyte. The sample is applied as a solution of hexane and methylene chloride, which solubilizes the bacon and does not interfere with the separation of the analytes by hydrogen bonding. The eluent contains methanol, which breaks up the bonding and effectively solubilizes the A-nitrosopyrrolidine. 

The relative amounts of the N-depropyl EPTC both early in the incubation period and later suggest that hydroxylation of the a-propyl carbon of the N,N-dialkyl moiety is a major route in the microbial metabolism of EPTC. Hydroxylation of the other carbons of the N,N-dialkyl portion of the carbamate was found to be a less preferred route compared to the hydroxylation of the a-propyl carbon. Sulfoxidation of the carbamate may be second in the importance to the hydroxylation reactions observed. 

On the basis of the metabolic products identified and their relative amounts formed during incubation, a degradative pathway involving hydroxylation and sulfoxidation mechanisms is proposed (Figure 7). EPTC is first hydroxylated at the a-propyl carbon to form a-hydroxy-propyl EPTC. This compound is unstable and breaks down to form N-depropyl EPTC and propionaldehyde. The N-depropyl EPTC is further metabolized to s-ethyl formic acid and propylamine. The s-ethylcarboxylic acid is then demethylated to s-methyl formic acid. This product is hypothesized to degrade to form C02 and methyl mercaptan. 

Although no conclusive identifications were made, the chromatographic characteristics of the other minor metabolites found in the organic fraction suggest that hydroxylations of carbons other than the a-propyl carbon may occur during degradation of EPTC. 

Noie how ihe isopropyl group has priority over n-propyl At the first point of difference (arrows), the isopropyl carbon is connected to C.C.H whereas the /i-propyl carbon is connected to C,H,H. The boldface atoms (second C for isopropyl vs. first H for n-propyl) set the priority. 

Olah believes that the only structure corresponding to the data of Raman laser and NMR C spectra is that of protonated nortricyclene. At —70 C the cyclo-propyl carbons C , and C are averaged as a result of rapid 6,1,2-hydride shift (E = 5.9 + 0.2kcal/mole A = 10 s ).Ifthe protonated nortricyclene structure is comer-protonated, the C, and C are averaged as follows ... 

Figure 4.4 Example of bead formation during electrospinning SEM micrographs of poly (propyl carbonate) (PPC) beads prepared by electrospinning a PPC solution in dichloro-methane. (Reprinted with permission from Biomaterials, Electrospun aliphatic polycarbonates as tailores tissue scaffold materials by A. Welle, M. Kroger et al., 28, 2211-2219. Copyright...

Dipropylamine, 3,3 -diamino. See Dipropylenetriamine 4-(Dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitro benzene-sulfonamide. See Oryzalin Dipropylcarbamothioic acid, S-ethyl ester. See Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate Di-n-propyl carbonate CAS 623-96-1... 

Diphenyl oxide Dipropylamine Di-n-propyl carbonate Dipropylene glycol phenyl ether 1,2-Dodecane carbonate n-Dodecane Dodecylhexadecanol Edetic acid Eicosane Ethanolamine (2-Ethoxymethylethoxy) propanol 3-Ethoxy-1-propanol Ethylacetoacetate Ethylamine ... 

Another paper describes the formation of non-cyclic 3-oxo-alkyl carbonates via 1 2 addition of carbon dioxide with -ethynyl-alcohols in the presence of Ru3(C0)i2 afid NEt3 [95]. When propargyl alcohol is reacted with CO2 at room temperature, the 2-oxo-propyl-2 -propynyl carbonate is formed in 27 % yield. When the reaction is carried out in ethanol, the ethyl-2-oxo-propyl carbonate is formed in 15 % yield through the 1 1 1 addition of CO2, propargyl alcohol and EtOH (Equation 18). 

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