Progestin transdermal

Ortho-Evra is a transdermal patch that contains both an estrogen (20 meg of ethinyl estradiol) and a progestin (150 meg... 

Laurikka-Routti M, Haukkamaa M, Lahteenmaki P. Suppression of ovarian function with the transdermally given synthetic progestin ST 1435. Fertil Steril 1992 58(4) 680-4. 

The seven dmgs and the combination estrogen-progestin product presently approved in the US for delivery by the transdermal route were all well known and available in more conventional dosage forms before their formulation into skin patches . All of these dmgs are extremely potent, none requiring more than about 20 mg per day (and some, much less) for effective therapy. 

Norelgestromin. USP. Norelgestromin, (17contraceptive patch (Ortho-Evra). First-pass metaboli.sm in the liver is avoided by the transdermal application. Hepatic metabolism does occur, however, and norgestrel. an active tnetabolite, and other hydroxylated and conjugated metabolites are formed. 

TABLE 23-S Combined Progestin/Estrogen Hormone Replacement Therapy Products (Available in Tablets or a Transdermal Patch) ... 

Commonly used methods of reversible contraception include oral and transdermal contraceptives, long-acting injectable estrogens and progestins, implantable progestins, condoms, spermicides, withdrawal, the diaphragm, periodic abstinence, and the intrauterine device. These methods differ in their relative effectiveness, safety, and patient acceptability." ... 

Nestorone (12) is a member of the group of 19-nor-pregnane derivatives. It was developed by the Population Council and is one of the most potent progestins. Its profile at other steroid receptors is quite neutral. However, nesterone is not orally active, thus its use is limited to transdermal applications or implant devices. 

To minimize patient effort and to maximize patient adherence, a number of estrogen/progesterone combination products are commercially available (Table 46.15). Four types of combination regimens are available (oral and transdermal), including both continuous and cyclic therapeutic options. Cyclic regimens require a minimum of 12 to 14 days of progestin administration to prevent endometrial hyperplasia. 

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