Production process classification

Production Process Classification Type Diagram s main line follows the production process... 

Insofar as they are used to purify other products, several processes used in the refinery fall under the classification of dewaxing processes however, such processes must also be classified as wax production processes (2). Most commercial dewaxing processes utilize solvent dilution, chilling to crystallize the wax, and filtration (28). The MEK process (methyl ethyl ketone—toluene solvent) is widely used. Wax crystals are formed by chilling through the walls of scraped surface chillers, and wax is separated from the resultant wax—oil—solvent slurry by using fliUy enclosed rotary vacuum filters. 

Many standard specifications have been laid down for the more important uses of ZnO (rubber, paints, and the pharmaceutical industry). For standards, see Table 1 ( Zinc oxide pigments Methods of analysis and Specification ). Various methods of classification are used, often based on the production process and the chemical... 

In 1997, the SIC classification was replaced by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).2 The system is a major revision based on six-digit numerical codes, and it allows for new or relatively new industries to be included in what is termed Chemical Manufacturing. It also reorganizes all categories on a production/process-oriented basis. Further, NAICS establishes a common numerical code among Canada, Mexico, and the United States that is... 

Many standard specifications have been laid down for the more important uses of ZnO (rubber, paints, and the pharmaceutical industry). For standards, see Table 1.1 ( Zinc oxide pigments Methods of analysis and Specification ). Various methods of classification are used, often based on the production process and the chemical composition. The most well known are pharmacopeias (USP, BP DAB, Ph. Eur.) ISO 9298, T31 006 NF, ASTM D79 - 86 and ASTM D 4295 - 89. Table 2.13 shows a classification with typical data for commercially available zinc oxide grades (more detailed standard specifications see standards mentioned above). 

Inorganic fibers can currently be produced from a wide range of element combinations and further fiber-types are in development (see Section 5.2.7), so that a classification according to chemical composition, as favored by preparative chemists, is not reasonable. Other possible classification criteria are e.g. the production process, the source of the fibers (natural or synthetic), their degree of order (amorphous or crystalline), their thermal stability (27 - 2227°C) or physical properties (tensile strength, elasticity modulus). The boundaries between the individual fiber types are, however, often fluid. 

While all three classifications have their merits, a product-, process- and technology-oriented view of the business is not sufficient any more. Today, and more so in the... 

Hydrogen production, processing and storage would generally be Class 1, which includes flammable gases and vapors. The next classification is Division. There are two Divisions ... 

This condition relates to carrying out room classification tests with the normal production process with equipment in operation, and the normal staff present in the room. 

For many years there was considerable confusion regarding the nomenclature of SAS (27, 28). The categories used here for the production processes of SAS were first published in 1968 (29) and were also maintained in reference 1. Further information about the historical details surrounding this chosen system of classification is given in reference 1. The basic categories used in classifying SAS are... 

Table I. Classification of Products Processed from Apples.

The designation output is very heterogeneous. Business output is the result of a production process, in the most general sense of the word. Output can be physical (material output) or nonphysical (services). Whereas material output is easily defined, such as by the delivery of material, manufactured parts, or even the finished product, the term services is more difficult to define because it comprises heterogeneous services, such as insurance services, financial services, and information brokering services. Figure 6 illustrates this simplified classification of output —that is, also input —as a hierarchical diagram. 

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