Production mass balances

Reports listing of necessary reports for example, production status inventories of supplied materials and product, mass balances... 

Apart from the mass balances associated with water, one also has to consider a product mass balance. Constraint (7.11) states that the amount of product leaving a unit is the amount of raw material that entered the unit less the total contaminant mass load transferred to the water stream. 

The model is based on fixed batch size, as mentioned previously. The batch size is fixed to the appropriate level in constraint (8.2). A product mass balance over a unit is given in constraint (8.3). This constraint states that the mass product produced at a time point is the amount of raw material used at the previous time point less the residue left in the unit. 

It is important to note the impact of the reactor on the resulting model. Since the reactor does not use water at all, water mass balances around the reactor are not required. The reactor can also be excluded from the reuse scheduling as the operation of the reactor does not directly affect the reuse of water. However, task scheduling constraints are still required for the reactor as are raw material and product mass balances. 

FORMAT (51IIOTOTAL PRODUCT MASS BALANCES AND RECOVERY FRACTILNSI... 

TOTAL PRODUCT MASS BALANCES ANO RECOVERY FRACTIONS... 

Equations 8 and 9, previously shown for the substrate and product mass balances in continuous cultures, can also be applied to this cultivation mode. However, due to cell retention, the equation that expresses the cell mass balance is altered, when compared with the mass balance of cells in a continuous culture (Equation 11) ... 

When the electric current was 1.1 mA, i.e., 10.2 pmolThr of oxygen flux, the formation rates of acrylaldehyde, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide were 0.33, 1.9 and 4.53 (xmol/hr, respectively, and the oxygen consumption rate of 9.02 pmol/hr was calculated by assuming water as another oxidation product. Mass balance calculated between oxygen evolution and consumption of propene oxidation was about 90%. 

The product mass balance in the adsorbent particles using a first order binding reaction with respect to both product and ligand is given by ... 

An overall product mass balance at steady state yields the proper rate equation for region B ... 

This screening approach is not a stand-alone technique, however, and bench-scale experimentation is needed to provide data for parameters which the screening approach does not adequately address isolation and confirmation of isomers of products, product mass balance, long-term studies in accessing catalyst life, and the variation of certain reactor operating conditions which have limited ranges at this scale, such as feed partial pressure. The catalytic conversion of wood pyrolysis products will be discussed in a screening context in this paper. 

The estimated product mass balances for these two runs are shown in Table I. These values assume 10% coke formation, which was determined in other experiments by weight gain of the catalyst. The 3-26-87 data are quite close to the calculated values, but the 4-2-87 data are significantly high in oxygen, which can be explained by the high water value for that day. 

TABLE I. Product Mass Balances (dry weight basis) for the Average Product Composition for Runs on Two Days. Results Assume 10% Coke Which is All Carbon and a Char Composition of... 

No general solutions of the product mass balance equation in tower reactors are known. However, one can draw some conclusions from the longitudinal cell, substrate and dissolved oxygen concentration profiles with regard to the longitudinal product concentration profile. 

For free radical reactions, where there is no elimination and condensation of products, mass balance relates monomer and polymer mass via ... 

---