Primrose, Primula

Many primroses (Primula) also produce a farinose exudate on their stems and leaves. Eighteen species have been investigated... 

Poplar, Populus Poppy, Papaver Pot marigold. Calendula Primrose, Primula Privet, Ligustrum Purple coneflower. Echinacea Pyracantha, Pyracantha Red cedar, Juniperus Rhododendron, Rhododendron Rock cress, Arab is Rose, Rosa... 

Flowers such as Forget-me-not (Myosotis), primrose (Primula), wallflower (Cheiranthus). 

Flavones possess one double bond more than the flavanones in their central heterocycle. The white meal on shoots and leaves of Pri-mulaceae, such as the bird s eye primrose Primula farinosa, consists, in part, of the parent compound, flavone itself. However, derivatives of flavone such as apigenin and luteolin (Fig. 106) are much more widely occurring. 

Lane 1 aescin (only for comparison with the DAB system), lane 2 primrose root DE for testing (as in lane 2 above), lane 3 primrose root DE treated using an RP-18 cartridge (suitable for quantitative measurement), lane 4 reference substance primula acid, sodium salt... 

Lane 1 camphorol 3-rhamnosidoglucoside (23-27), luteohn 7-glucoside (43 6), caffeic acid (88-93), lane 2 artichoke leaves, lane 3 red coneflower (E. purpurea), lane 4 rutoside, hyperoside, lane 5 birch leaves (Betulae folium), lane 6 primrose flower Primula flos), lane 7 elderflower Sambuci flos), lane 8 maidenhair tree leaves Ginkgo biloba)... 

C oHjsO,. Mr 476.43, mp. 203-204°C, [a]g -71.5° (H2O). P. is the 2-0-glycoside of methyl 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate with primeverose. P. occurs together with primulaverin (2-O-glycoside of methyl 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoate with primeverose, C20H28O13, Mr 476.43) in the roots of Primula officinalis and other primrose species. 

From the essential oil of the rhizomes of Primula acaulis, an European variety of stemless primrose [2352]. 

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