Presentation of the selected data

The selected data are presented in Chapters 111 and IV. Unless otherwise indicated, they refer to standard conditions cf. Section 11.3) and 298.15K (25°C) and are provided with an uncertainty which should correspond to the 95% confidence level (see Appendix C). 

Chapters 111 contains a table of selected thermodynamic data for individual compounds and complexes of nickel (Table lll-l), a table of selected reaction data (Table 111-2) for reactions concerning nickel species and a table containing selected thermal functions of the heat capacities of individual species of nickel (Table 111-3). The selection of these data is discussed in Chapter V. 

Chapter IV contains, for auxiliary compounds and complexes that do not contain nickel, a table of the thermodynamic data for individual species (Table IV-1) and a table of reaction data (Table IV-2). Most of these values are the CODATA Key Values [89COX/WAG]. The selection of the remaining auxiliary data is discussed in [92GRE/FUG], [99RAR/RAN] and [2001LEM/FUG], 

All the selected data presented in Table III-l, Table III-2, Table IV-I and Table IV-2 are internally consistent. This consistency is maintained by the internal consistency verification and recalculation software developed at the NEA Data Bank in conjunction with the NEA-TDB data base system, cf. Section II.6. Therefore, when using the selected data for nickel species, the auxiliary data of Chapter IV must be used together with the data in Chapter III to ensure internal consistency of the data set. 

The thermodynamic data in the selected set refer to a temperature of 298.15 K (25.00°C), but they can be recalculated to other temperatures if the corresponding data (enthalpies, entropies, heat capacities) are available [97PUI/RAR]. For example, the temperature dependence of the standard reaction Gibbs energy as a function of the standard reaction entropy at the reference temperature (7J,= 298.15 K), and of the heat capacity function is  

Selected standard thermodynamic data referring to chemical reactions are also compiled in the database. A chemical reaction r , involving reactants and products B , can be abbreviated as  

The temperature functions of these data, if available, are stored according to Eq.(II.54). 

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The present review therefore puts much weight on the assessment of the low-temperature thermodynamics of selenium in aqueous solution and makes independent analyses of the available literature in this area. The standard method used for the analysis of ionic interactions between components dissolved in water (see Appendix B) allows the general and consistent use of the selected data for modelling purposes, regardless of the type and composition of the ground water, within the ionic strength limits given by the experimental data used for the data analyses in the present review. 

For these reasons, hydrolysis constants simply fitted to solubility data for Th(IV) hydroxide or hydrous oxide or crystalline Th02(cr), e.g., those in [1964NAB/KUD], [1989MOO], are not reliable and usually in strong contradiction to values derived using other methods. Therefore the present review at first selects the hydrolysis constants from studies based on potentiometric and solvent extraction studies. In a second step the selected hydrolysis constants are used to re-evaluate the published solubility data at pH < 5, i.e., to calculate the corresponding solubility constants. The recalculation of the pH-dependent solubility curves provides furthermore a test of the consistency of the selected data set, in particular for the neutral complexes predominant in the neutral and alkaline pH range. 

Chapter 5—CCPS Generic Failure Rate Data Base Contains tables of generic process equipment reliability data that are structured by the CCPS Taxonomy. The data are extracted from data resources in Chapter 4. The chapter includes a discussion of the selection, treatment, and presentation of the data in the Tables. 

The selected data resources were sorted into the six categories, each presented in a section of this chapter. Resources are numbered consecutively within each category. The sections and categories are ... 

If the competition data are compared with electronegativity values for the halogens 85>, then tetrafluorobenzyne is clearly in an anomalous position. The only reasonable explanation available at present is that tetrafluorobenzyne is so destabilized by the inductive effect of the fluorine atoms that it has lost a considerable amount of the selectivity which arynes normally show. Estimates for the heats of formation of the isomeric dichlorobenzynes and for tetrachlorobenzyne have recently been made from mass spectrometric studies and these do indicate a low stability for tetrachlorobenzyne 86>. Evidently more data are required for the tetrahalogenobenzynes. 

From these data the percentages of these appliances on the e-waste category that they belong to can be estimated. Once the amount of the studied appliances has been defined, the following subsection presents the content of additives of the selected e-waste devices. 

Also relevant is ISO 11403-3 [5], Acquisition and presentation of comparable multipoint data Environmental influences on properties. This selects properties and exposure conditions to enable environmental degradation data to be generated and presented in a standardised way. It includes the use of ISO 2578 [3] for studying resistance to prolonged exposure to heat. 

Tables 6.6 - 6.8 present calculated [22] and experimental [3, 26, 35] heats of formation for a selection of small radicals, determined with the atomization approach. As these data show, all theoretical levels give good overall performance (MADs of 2.1 - 4.5 kJ/mol). Wl is the highest level of theory represented in these tables and indeed performs very well, with an MAD of 3.2 kJ/mol and an LD of +6.8 kJ/mol. The G2-RAD(QCISD) method gives the best statistical performance with an MAD of 2.1 kJ/mol and an LD of +5.6 kJ/mol. However, because of the modest number of comparisons, such differences are only of marginal significance. The G3-RAD approach also performs particularly well with an MAD of 2.5 kJ/mol and an LD of -5.5 kJ/mol. Overall, the G2-RAD(QCISD) method tends to slightly overestimate the heats of formation of the selected radicals (MD of +0.8 kJ/mol) while its G3-RAD counterpart tends to underestimate them (MD of -2.0 kJ/mol). Both of these modified Gn methods offer improved performance over the standard G2 and G3 procedures. However, the G3(MP2)-RAD approach performs less well (MAD of 4.5 kJ/mol) than G3(MP2) (MAD of 3.6 kJ/mol).

Notice that in the following only a selection is presented of the crystal structures of the elements of the 14th to 17th groups. A few more details and data are reported in the specific paragraphs of Chapter 5. 

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