Prepared at three different

In the example of Fig. 7.15 [43j rhodium particles have been deposited by spin coat impregnation of a Si02/Si substrate with an aqueous solution of rhodium trichloride. After drying, the particles were reduced in hydrogen. The images show samples prepared at three different rotation speeds in the spin coating process, but with concentrations adjusted such that each sample contains about the same amount of rhodium atoms. The particles prepared at high rotation speeds are smaller, which... 

To study the effect of the postaddition of RAFT in the dispersion polymerization, three experimental runs were designed for the synthesized of PS particles. Figure 5 shows the SEM photographs of PS microspheres prepared at three different concentrations of postaddition of RAFT with 0.0002 mol of PVP stabilizer. Table 1 summarized the results obtained with the postaddition of RAFT on conversion. Mo, MJMn, >w and CV. It is observed that PS particle are in spherical morphology with a good monodispersity (Figure 5). 

Even when only a single peak appears on a voltammogram, STM images often show clusters of molecules that appear to consist of several like molecules [43,107]. On the other hand, in many of the voltam-mograms for the reductive desorption of phase-separated SAMs, a small hump is discerned [17, 40]. Figure 12 shows cycKc voltammograms for the binary SAM of 1-tetradecanethiol (TDT) and 3-mercapto-1-propanol (MPOH) prepared at three different total concentrations of TDT and MPOH, 1 x 10 (curve a), 1 x 10 (curve b), and 1 x 10 (curve c) mol dm in ethanol. A hump appears between the... 

Reagent solution is prepared at three different pH (stated, -0.5 pH U, + 0.5 pH U). Other conditions are the same as described. 

Devi et al. (2002) studied the sintering of indium tin oxide (ITO) nano particles prepared by a modified emulsion technique without the use of a surfactant. A good correlation between the particle size of the calcined ITO powder and the concentration of the metal ions in solution and the dielectric constant of the organic solvent used was observed. Figure 6-5 shows the particle size distribution of the ITO powders prepared at three different conditions. A total metal ion concentration of 0.28 M and 2-butanol as an organic solvent (run no. 2) was found to produce mono-dispersed, nearly spherical ITO particles (Fig. 6-6) of 38.4 nm average size. On the other hand, run no. 1 (total metal ion... 

Figure 2. Linear shrinkage versus temperature at l°C/min heating rate for silica gels prepared by three different methods a) two-step acid hydrolysis, b) two-step base hydrolysis, c) colloidal process. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. 4. Copyright 1984 Wiley- Interscience.)...

Sathish Kumar et al. [45] prepared bimetallic Au-Ru nanoparticles by the simultaneous reduction of both Au3+ and Ru3+ ions by ultrasound irradiation at three different molar ratios (Au3+ Ru3+ 1 1, 1 3 and 1 5) in 4 h in the presence of PEG. A significant change in the absorption as a function of sonication time was observed for Au-Ru bimetallic particles (Fig. 6.10), which indicated the... 

Table I illustrates the utility of DRUV-visible data in determining the surface structures involving Ti. Samples of TS-1 were prepared by three different methods or treatments. Samples 1 and 2 were prepared by conventional hydrothermal synthesis and sample 3 by synthesis in a fluoride medium. TS-2 was synthesized as reported (7). At least five bands could be discerned by deconvolution (Fig. 3), at 205, 228, 258, 290, and 330 nm. Band 1 at 205 nm is assigned to tetrahedral, tetrapodal Ti present in TS-1, TS-2, and Ti-beta. Band 5 at 330 nm is assigned to an...

The PPE films for the infrared spectra measurement were formed on NaCl or KC1 crystals at three different discharge frequencies. For the discharge frequencies of 1 KHz and 100 KHz, the two films were polymerized at 0.5 torr, 20 cm3STP/min and 10 watts. Another one was prepared at 13.56 MHz, 2.0 torr, 20 cm3STP/min and 50 watts. Infrared spectra were recorded with a Perkin-Elmer Model 137 Spectrometer. 

Analytical Precision. Additionally, the analytical method was tested to assure that its precision was acceptable. This test was performed at three different levels as before, except that the spiking was done directly into known amounts of the Freon 113/perchloroethylene mixture. Six samples at each of the three concentrations were used to form the basic statistical set of data. The samples were compared to previously prepared standards. 

Repeatability of a method can be determined by multiple replicate preparations of the same sample. This can be done either by multiple sample preparations (n = 6) in the same experiment or by preparing three replicates at three different concentrations. In general, one should evaluate results of individual related substances, total related substances, and the consistency of related substance profiles in all experiments. The percent RSD and confidence level of these results are reported to illustrate the method repeatability. 

Rodgers et al. [85] identified soil surface-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through the use of real-time aerosol mass spectrometry in two NIST standard research material soils (Montana SRM 2710 and Peruvian SRM 4355), each contaminated separately with three common petroleum hydrocarbons (diesel fuel, gasoline and kerosene). This method required no sample preparation. Direct laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometric analysis of individual soil particles contaminated with each of the petroleum hydrocarbons at three different contamination levels (0.8,8, and 80 ppth (wt/wt)) yielded detectable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon cation distributions that ranged from m/z 128 to 234, depending on the fuel contaminant. The same analysis... 

The external standard method may be applied in a number of ways. The methods operate on the same principle but vary in the amount of work required and therefore in the accuracy of the results. In all cases, standard solutions containing the solutes of interest are prepared, preferably at three different, known concentrations. The standard solutions are then analyzed, and calibration plots of peak area (height) versus concentration are constructed for each solute, as shown in Figure 7.19. From the calibration curves, the unknown concentrations of solutes in the sample can be determined. 

Three different Cr-Co spinels were prepared and tested as catalysts for the oxidation of methane in the presence of SO2, a typical catalyst poison. The spinels were prepared from nitrate precursors using a co-precipitation method, followed by calcining at three different temperatures, (400, 600 and 800 °C) for 5 hours. Characterisation results indicate that the catalyst calcined at 800 C presents a structure of pure spinel, whereas the presence of single oxides is observed in the catalyst calcined at 600 C, and the catalysts calcined at 400 C presents a very complex structure (probably a mixture of several single and binary oxides). Experiments show an important influence of calcining temperature on the catalyst performance. In absence of SO2, catalysts calcined at 400"C and 600 C performs similarly, whereas the activity of the catalysts calcined at 800 C is worse. When sulphur compounds were added to the feed, catalyst calcined at 600"C deactivated faster than the other two catalysts. 

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