Pregnancy cigarette smoking

Pelkonen. Ovarian toxicity of cigarette smoke exposure during pregnancy in mice. Toxicol Lett 1985 25(1) 75-80. 

L6. Laskowska-Klita, T., Szymborski, J., Chelchowska, M., Czerwinska, B., and Chazan, B., Compensatory antioxidant activity in blood of women whose pregnancy is complicated by cigarette smoking. Med. Wieku Rozwoj. 3, 485-494 (1999). 

Concern regarding the exposure of pregnant women to tobacco dust and smoke has existed since at least the middle of the nineteenth century. During the subsequent years many studies have reported the association of cigarette smoking with numerous problems of pregnancy. One of the most important observations in experimental... 

It has been shown that women exposed to cigarette smoke as well as those with prenatal exposures to their mothers cigarette smoke have substantially less fecundity (the ability to produce offspring within a given period of time) than women who are not exposed to smoke and whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy. I1112 ... 

Haustein KO. Cigarette smoking, nicotine and pregnancy. Int J Clin Pharmacol77rer37(9) 417 27. 

Cigarette smoking in pregnancy deteriorates fetal limg development and increases the risk of wheezing in infancy. 

Sanyal MK, Li Y-L, Biggers WJ, et al. 1993. Augmentation of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism of human placental tissues of first-trimester pregnancy by cigarette smoke exposure. 

Specific laboratory tests to investigate the possible presence of von Willebrand disease include measurement of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF Ag) level, factor VIII assay, determination of ristocetin cofactor activity, and von Willebrand factor multimer analysis. Plasma concentrations of von Willebrand factor increase with cigarette smoking, exercise, pregnancy, and infection, as well as with the use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids, birth control pills, and desmopressin. Repeated test measurements may be... 

In all physical examinations, the examining physician should consider whether there exist conditions of increased risk. These conditions may include reduced immunological competence, additional risk of those undergoing treatment with steroids or cytotoxic agents, pregnancy, and cigarette smoking. 

L.S. Mamsen, M.C. Lutterodt, E.W. Andersen, et al.. Cigarette smoking during early pregnancy reduces the number of embryonic germ and somatic cells. Hum. Reprod. 25 (22) (2010) 2755-2761. 

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