Power economic

The object of any electrical power distribution scheme is to provide a power supply system that will convey power economically and reliably from the supply point to the many loads throughout the installation. The standard method of supplying reliable electrical supplies to a load center is to provide duplicated 100 per cent rated supplies. However, there are a number of ways in which these supplies can be provided. 

A problem long appreciated in economic evaluations, but whose seriousness has perhaps been underestimated (Sturm et al, 1999), is that a sample size sufficient to power a clinical evaluation may be too small for an economic evaluation. This is mainly because the economic criterion variable (cost or cost-effectiveness) shows a tendency to be highly skewed. (One common source of such a skew is that a small proportion of people in a sample make high use of costly in-patient services.) This often means that a trade-off has to be made between a sample large enough for a fully powered economic evaluation, and an affordable research study. Questions also need to be asked about what constitutes a meaningful cost or cost-effectiveness difference, and whether the precision (type I error) of a cost test could be lower than with an effectiveness test (O Brien et al, 1994). 

Liquefaction of chlorine is always incomplete, because the non-condensable impurities carry chlorine at its vapour pressure as they leave the liquefaction process. This exit gas, or tail gas, is handled in any of several different ways. It is of course an intolerable plant emission, and the contained chlorine must at least be destroyed before the gas is released to the atmosphere. There is also a powerful economic incentive for recovering much of the chlorine in some usable form - Silver s estimate of the value of the chlorine in the tail gas produced in the United States alone in 1981 was 50 million [3]. 

Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000 (London Unwin Hyman, 1988). 

The principle of operation of a multicompartmented electrodialysis unit (11) is shown in Fig. 1.11. The cation and anion permeable membranes carry a fixed charge thus they prevent the migration of species of like charge. In a commercial version of Fig. 1.11, there would be several hundred rather than three compartments, multicompartmentalization being required to achieve electric power economics, since electrochemical reactions take place at the electrodes. 

As a preliiniiuiry step to the layout of process equipment, storage facilities, and materials-handling equipment, scale models of the pertinent items were constructed and manipulated until a rational arrangement appeared. It was desired to effect efficient coordination of the units with due regard for economic distribution of water, steam, and power, economic use of floor space, and elimination of predictable hazards. Figure 5-7 depicts the over-all layout of the proposed plant area as finally modified. From it the complete equipment layouts and elevations in the process building should be sketched. 

The pandemic had a powerful economic effect as well. Sales of flu remedies, none of which was effective against the virus, skyrocketed. As it turned out, the product that may have benefited most from the scourge was Vicks VapoRub, introduced in 1905 by Lunsford Richardson, a druggist in Selma, North Carolina. The rub s main ingredient was menthol, a compound extracted from oil of peppermint. 

Military Power, Economic Power and Transnational Relations... 

In an idealistic sense, a chemical approach which uses a small amount of a chiral catalyst to produce either enantiomer, cleanly and efficiently from a prochiral precursor, is the preferred method. For such asymmetric catalysis the efficiency of chiral multiplication can be infinite. The use of chiral metal complexes as homogeneous catalysts has become one of the most powerful economically and environmentally sound strategies for the preparation of enantiopure compounds. An excellent comprehensive review of asymmetric catalysis in organic synthesis has recently been published by Noyori [30]. 

Who should be viewed as representative within society or empowered to represent the interests of minorities TA results are not free of value judgments. Vociferous minorities, financially powerful economic cartels,... 

Inderst, R., 2002. Contract design and bargaining power. Economics Letters 74,171-176. 

Bundle theory becomes most interesting when we think about a particular way of dealing with materials substituting new materials for others of high value. This was a major project, across a wide range of sciences during the eighteenth century there were powerful economic and political rationales for substitution, in the hope of... 

A pervasive problem is the inventory of components, whether the product is phased out or discontinued instantly. In industries such as aeronautics, the investment in such components can be substantial. Therefore, making use of this inventory can be a powerful economic argument for phasing out (not instant discontinuation) the product. It can be a complex issue, as the new and current products may have components in common. While production of the common... 

WUson Office Files, AEC/DOE AEC press release, 4 May 1962, AEC/NRC Appendix 7, "Information and Assistance from Organizations and Sources External to the Commission," Appendix 8, "Recommendations on Central Station Power Reactors by the General Advisory Committee," Appendix 1, "Fossil Fuel Resources of the United States," Appendix 3, "Overall Growth of Energy Requirements," in "Civilian Nuclear Power, Appendices to a Report to the President," printed in JCAE, committee print. Nuclear Power Economics—1962 through 1967, 90th Cong., 2d sess., 1968, pp. 244-246, 248-250, 171-199, 214-218. 

Philippe G. Jacques to Pierre Salinger, 29 Aug. 1962, White House Central FUes (Atomic Energy 1962), Kennedy Papers Schuldt to Bell, 24 Sept. 1962, draft memorandum. Bell to Kennedy, 12 Nov. 1962, File P7-2, Series 61.1a, Bureau of Budget Records "Civilian Nuclear Power—A Report to the President," 1962, in JCAE print. Nuclear Power Economics—1962 through 1967, pp. 99-167. 

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