Potassium hydrate

With Potassium.—If metallic potassium is placed in water it is attacked, in accordance with the following equation, with the production of hydrogen and potassium hydrate —... 

Walden concluded that potassium hydrate and phosphorus penta-chloride acted optically normally, i.e. without alteration of the configuration, but that silver oxide, and therefore also nitrous acid and nitrosyl chloride, acted optically abnormally, but as to which of these reactions was really the normal one he was not able to decide. The conclusion was remarkable, since the action of silver oxide takes place in aqueous. solutions at a low temperature and the effect of potash in producing racemisation is well known. Still more curious is the supposition that nitrous acid and nitrosyl chloride act optically abnormally. 

Synonyms caustic potash potassa potassium hydrate Uses... 

Hydroxide. Potassium hydroxide, [CAS 1310-58-3]. caustic potash, potassium hydrate, KOH, white solid, soluble, mp 380 C, formed (1) by reaction of potassium carbonate and calcium hydroxide in H2O, and then separation of the solution and evaporation. (2) by electrolysis of potassium chloride under the proper conditions, and evaporation. Used in the preparation of potassium salts f 1) in solution, and (2) upon fusion. Also used 111 the manufacture of (3) soaps, (4) drugs. (5) dyes, (6) alkaline batteries, (7) adhesives, (8) fertilizers, (9) alkylates, (10) for purifying industrial gases, (11) for scrubbing out traces of hydrofluoric add in processing equipment, (12) as a drain-pipe cleaner, and (13) in asphalt emulsions. 

Synonyms Caustic potash, Caustic potassa, Hydrate of potassa, Potassium hydrate. Appearance White, deliquescent lumps or sticks. 

POTASSE CAUSTIQUE (FRENCH) POTASSIO (IDROSSIDO di) (ITALIAN) POTASSIUM HYDRATE (DOT) POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE, dr>-, soUd, flake, bead, or granular (DOT) POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE, Uquid or solution (DOT) POTASSIUM (HYDROXYDE de) (FRENCH)... 

Palmitic acid occurs naturally in all animal fats as the glyceride, palmitin, and in palm oil partly as the glyceride and partly uncombined. Palmitic acid is most conveniently obtained from olive oil after removal of oleic acid, or from Japanese beeswax. Synthetically, palmitic acid may he prepared hy heating cetyl alcohol with soda lime to 270°C or hy fusing oleic acid with potassium hydrate. 

Caustic potash E525 kalium hydroxydatum potash lye potassium hydrate. 

HypoRBoMou.s Acid—HBrO—97—is obtainecl, in aqueous solution, by the action of Br upon mercuric oxide, silver oxide, or silver nitrate. When Br is ailded to concentrated solution of potassium hydrate, uo Uypobro-mite is formed, but a mixture of bromate and bromide, having no decol-orixiug action. With sodium hydrate, however, sodium bypobromite is formed in solution and such n solution, freshly prepared, is used in Knop s... 

I. and 8, and with most of the metals. With H it only combinee when that element is in the nascent state. Warm, concentrated HyB9i ia decomposed by As with formation of SO, A O, and H,0. Nitric add is leadily decomposed, giving up its O to tlxe formation of arsenic acid. With hot HCl, arsenic triohloride is formed. When fused with potassium hydrate, arsenic is oxidized, H is given off, and a mixture of potassium sr-senite and arsenide remains, which by greater heat is converted into arsenic, which volatilizes, and potassium arsenate, which remaixis. 

All oxidising agents decompose it readily H,0 and arsenic trioxide being formed by tibie less active oxidants, and and arsenic add by the more active. lid potassium hydrate decomposes the gas partially and becomes coated with a dark deposit which seems to be elementary arsenic. Solutions of the alkaline hydrates absorb and decompose it H ia given off and an alkaline orsenite remains in the solution. Many metals, when heated in AsH decompose it with formation of a metallic areenide and liberation of hydrogen. Solution of silver nitrate is reduced it elementary silver is depodted, and the solution contains arsenic trionao. 

It is fusible, insoluble in H O, but soluble in solutions of the alkaline sulphides and in boiling solution of potassium hydrate. 

Potassium Hydrate — Potash Pofassa— Co7nmon caustic—Potasm (27. )—Potassa caustica (Br.)—KHO—56 is obtained by a process similar to that used in manufacturing NaHO. It is purified by solution in alcohol, evaporation and fuidon in a silver basin and casting in silver moulds—-Miash by alcohol it is then free from KCl and K,SO, but contains small quantities of K,CO, and frequently Aa... 

Methyl ohloride—CH,C1—50.5—is a colorless gas, slightly soluble in H,0, and having a sweetish taste and odor. It is obtained by distilling together H,SO sodium chloride and methyl achohol. It may be condensed to a Umiid which boils at —22 (—7 .6F,). It bums with a greenish fleune. Heated with potassium hydrate it is converted into methyl coboL... 

Methyl hydrate— Carbinol—PyroxyUc irit— Wood spirit—CH HO —32—may be formed froui marsh-gas, CH,H, by first converting it into the iodide and acting upon this with potassium hydrate CH,I KHO = KI 4- CH,HO. It is usually obtained by the destructive distillation of wood. The crude tvood vinegar so produced is a mixture of acetic acid and methyl alcohol with a variety of other products. The crude vineg, separated from taiTy products, is redistilled the first tenth of the distil-... 

Margario add—C, H CO,OH—270—formerly supposed to exist as a glyceride in all fats, solid and.liquid. What had been taken formargaric acid was a mixture of 90 per cent of palmitic and 10 per cent of stearic acid. It is obtained by the action of potassium hydrate upon cetyl cyanide, as a white, crystalline body fusible at 59 .9 (1 F.). 

The primary monamines are formed by the action of potassium hydrate upon the corresponding cyanic ether ... 

The acids of this series differ from those containing the same number of C atoms in the formic series, by containing two atoms of H less they are readily converted into acids of the formic aehea by the action of potassium hydrate in fusion. 

Hthene oxide—Ethylene oxide——44.—This subetance, isomeric with aldehyde, ia obtained by tbe action of potassium hydrate upon ethene chiorhydrate. 

By the combined action of water and silver oxide upon the mono-chlor-acid of the acetic series, or by heating the alkaline t of such an acid with water or potassium hydrate ... 

To obtain it pure, recourse must be had to tlie decomposition of one of its derivatives, bmm>ic acid this substance is intimately mixed with 3 pta slacked lime, and the mixture heated to dull redness in an earthenware retort, connected with a well-cooled receiver the upper layer of distilled liquid is separated, shaken with potassium hydrate solution, again aeparatea, dried by cout t vntb fused calcium chloride, and redistilled over the water-bath. 

It is formed (1) by fusiug eodium phenylsulphide with an excess of alkali (2) by healing phenyl Iodide with potassium hydrate to 320 (608 ... 

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