Potassium alcoholate complexation

The potassium salts (46) and (47) were then treated with acid to yield the respective 7r-vinyl alcohol complexes (45), R = H, and (48), R = CH3. The olefinic nature of the 7r-vinyl alcohol complex (45) has been investigated via X-ray crystalography (47), and the double bond, while perpendicular to the molecular plane, is not bisected by it. The principle dimensions are given in Fig. 7. 

Potassium t-butoxide-t-Butyl alcohol complex. Review. ... 

Potassium f-butoxide-f-Butyl alcohol complex. Review.1... 

While potassium hydroxide is beneficial in catalysts containing palladium loads near 5% with low palladium loads it appears that potassium hydroxide is not always necessary. The semihydrogenation of dehydrolinalool (19) gives 100% of linalool (20) over 0.5% PCI/AI2O3 in alcoholic solvents as shown in Eqn. 16.25. Perhaps with lower palladium-loaded catalysts reactant diffusion is not a factor in the reaction, so the presumed enhanced adsorption of the potassium hydroxide complex is not as important. 

Remark In complex bases, cations of the activated base and cations of the activating agent are identical. We never activated, for instance, a base having a sodium cation with potassium alcoholates. 

Another way to accelerate the rate of propagation reaction (Rp) is by the complexation of the potassium cation of the alcoholate active centre. The electrical conductivity measurements [14,53, 68] in crude alkaline polyether proved that the potassium alcoholate dissolved in the liquid polyether media is practically undissociated, the dissociation degree being very low - only 1.3-2% [53]. 

Representing the values of propagation constant Kp as function of the complexed potassium alcoholate, a perfectly straight line was obtained, characterised by the equation [14, 53] ... 

Related Reagents. w-Butyllithium-potassium f-butoxide Potassium Amide Potassium Hexamethyldisilazide Potassium f-butoxide-benzophenone Potassium f-butoxide-r-butyl Alcohol Complex /t-butyllithium-Potassium it t-butoxide Potassium t-butoxide-18-crown-6 Potassium r-butoxide-dimethyl Sulfoxide Potassium f-butoxide-hexamethylphosphoric Triamide Potassium Diisopropylamide Potassium f-heptoxide Potassium Hydroxide Potassium 2-methyl-2-butoxide. 

Other Reactions. Poly(vinyl alcohol) forms complexes with copper in neutral or slighdy basic solutions (165). Sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide forms an intermolecular complex with PVA (166,167), causing gelation of the aqueous solution. 

PuUy hydroly2ed poly(vinyl alcohol) and iodine form a complex that exhibits a characteristic blue color similar to that formed by iodine and starch (171—173). The color of the complex can be enhanced by the addition of boric acid to the solution consisting of iodine and potassium iodide. This affords a good calorimetric method for the deterrnination of poly(vinyl alcohol). Color intensity of the complex is effected by molecular weight, degree of... 

Methane sulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, hydrogen iodide, and other Brmnsted acids can faciUtate 3 -acetoxy displacement (87,173). Displacement yields can also be enhanced by the addition of inorganic salts such as potassium thiocyanate and potassium iodide (174). Because initial displacement of the acetoxy by the added salt does not appear to occur, the role of these added salts is not clear. Under nonaqueous conditions, boron trifluoride complexes of ethers, alcohols, and acids also faciUtate displacement (87,175). 

Bismuth ttiiodide may be prepared by beating stoichiometric quantities of the elements in a sealed tube. It undergoes considerable decomposition at 500°C and is almost completely decomposed at 700°C. However, it may be sublimed without decomposition at 3.3 kPa (25 mm Hg). Bismuth ttiiodide is essentially insoluble in cold water and is decomposed by hot water. It is soluble in Hquid ammonia forming a red triammine complex, absolute alcohol (3.5 g/100 g), benzene, toluene, and xylene. It dissolves in hydroiodic acid solutions from which hydrogen tetraiodobismuthate(Ill) [66214-37-7] HBil 4H2O, may be crystallized, and it dissolves in potassium iodide solutions to yield the red compound, potassium tetraiodobismuthate(Ill) [39775-75-2] KBil. Compounds of the type tripotassium bismuth hexaiodide [66214-36-6] K Bil, are also known. 

C36H60O30,C6H5O3S -Na+-10 H20 Cyclomaltohexaose - sodium ben-zenesulfonate, decahydrate (CDXBZS)275 P212121 Z = 2 D = 1.47 R = 0.07 for 2,894 intensities. This is a channel-type structure, with a conformation very similar to that of the potassium acetate280 and Methyl Orange complexes.281 All of the pyranose residues have the 4Cl conformation, and the primary alcohol groups are in the gauche-trans orientation. 

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