Polyolefin glass fibers

The chassis is made from a 1/4 in. sheet of either ABS or TPO vacuum formed into a tub and reinforced with reinforced pultruded glass fiber-TS polyester plastic tubing. The hood and other products are being made from a 20 mm thick sandwich of thermo-formed PPO-alloy skins, glass fabric infused with thermosetting vinyl ester, and a urethane foam core. The bumper and front fascia is thermoformed from a polyolefin elastomer sheet with an UV-resistant cap layer of DuPont s Tediar PVF film. The dash and... 

Mascia, L., Dhillon. J. and Harper, J. (1993). Adhesion enhancement of rubbery and ductile polyolefin coatings on glass fibers for epoxy composites and effects on failure mechanisms. J. Appi Polyin. Sci. 47, 487-498. 

Fig. 14.26 Diameter (SD, thickness (S7), and weight (Sw) swell of a parison extrudate from a commercial blow-molding machine equipped with CCD camera equipment and parison pinch-off mold based on the design of Shepak and Beyer (69). (a) A chain extended multibranched polyamide-6 resin (b) the former with 12% glass fiber of 10 pm diameter 60 1 L/D and (c) polyolefin modified polyamide-6 with some carbon black. [Reprinted by permission from A. H. Wagner and D. Kalyon, Parison Formation and Inflation Behavior pf Polyamide-6 During Extrusion Blow Molding, Polym. Eng. Sci., 36, 1897-1906 (1996).]...

U.S. Pat. No. 7,041,716 [74] describes a thermoplastic composite comprising a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene in an amount of 20-90% by weight, a cellulose filler such as wood flour in an amount of 30-80% by weight, a basic reactive filler such as glass fibers in an amount of 5-25% by weight, and a carboxylic acid anhydride graft polyolefin such as maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene in an amount of 1-5%. 

In situ polymerization of maleic anhydride in the presence of a polyolefin, a free radical catalyst, and a filler such as wood pulp, clay, or glass fibers results... 

The vibration damping capability of such systems as PA modified with an elastomer, modified polyolefin, or modified PS, are useful for the engine covers. Tackifiers such as cumarone resin, terpene resin or petroleum resin could be included in the blend formulation along with glass fibers. 

MAJOR APPLICATIONS Blow molded bottles. Extruded film and sheets for food packaging, including blend, multilayer, and laminate with nylon 6, PET, and polyolefins. Monofilament for bristle and filter cloth. Glass fiber reinforced injection molding materials used to make parts for the automotive, machine, electrical/electronic, civil engineering, sports, and other industries as a metal substitute. 

Fibers are classified as natural or synthetic. Fibers are used as a reinforcement material to increase the mechanical properties of polymer composites [31]. Synthetic fibers have been successfully used as the reinforcing material in composites such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, and Kevlar fiber. Glass fiber is a well-known example of a reinforcement material for polyolefin matrix. Polypropylene is a composite of increasing interest in automotive and other applications [32]. Figure 6.3 illustrates a glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene matrix. 

Four kinds of fiber dominate the organic synthetic fiber market polyesters (41.5%), polyamides, (30%), acrylic fibers (18.4%), and polyolefin fibers (8.7%). World production of glass fibers is about that of polyolefin fibers. 

Numerous nylon blends prepared by compatibilization or reactive blending are commercially successful. The modifiers fiequenfly utilized in commercial nylon blends include polyolefin, thermoplastic polyolefin, thermoplastic polyunethane, ionomer, elastomer, ethylene-propylene rubber, nitrile mbber, polyftetrafluoroethylene), poly (phenylene ether), poly(ether amide), silicone, glass fiber, and carbon fiber. The nonpolar modifiers such as polyolefin, maleic anhydride or a polar vinyl monomer such as acrylic acid, methaciylic acid and fimiaric acid is fiequently incorporated to introduce reactive sites in nylon. 

N nylon, PO polyolefin, elastomer, TPU thermoplastic urethane, GF glass fiber, NBR nitrile rubber, MAH maleic anhydride, EPR ethylene-propylene copolymer, l ionomer, M- mineral, ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, PPE poly (phenylene ether), R reinforcement, PTFE poly(tetrafluoroethylene), CF° carbon fiber, PEBA poly(etherblockamide), S silicone, RIPP D reaction injection molding plastic, and ASA acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer. 

Indeed, a wider use of vegetable fibers in composites replacing synthetic fibers, or more realistically, glass fiber, in either thermoset (mainly unsaturated polyester) or thermoplastic (mainly polyolefins) composites is mainly limited by their comparatively poorer mechanical properties, higher moisture absorption and lower compatibility to... 

An example of a different reaction of an amino-functional silane with a modified polymer is the reaction of the amino groups with maleated polypropylene (PP) to form an imide (Scheme 4.4). This reaction is extensively used to couple treated glass fibers to polyolefins (see Chapter 7). 

In glass fiber-reinforced polyolefins where the glass fiber is usually precoated with an amino fiindional silane that can read with the add or add anhydride through formation of an amide linkage (see Chapter 7). 

Table 7.5 Properties of injection-molded glass fiber reinforced polyolefin before and after maleation of the matrix [23].

Comparison of the effects of mica, glass fibers, talc, calcium carbonate on the properties of a polyolefin matrix (unmodified and chemically modified by maleation)... 

F Avalos, M Arroyo, JP Vigo. Optimization of a short glass fiber filled composite based on polyolefin blends, 1. Tensile and flexural behavior. J Polymer Eng 9 157-170, 1990. 

---