Polymer-solid cross-structure factor

Finally, the contrast variation experiments yield the polymer-solid cross structure factor ... 

Fig. 6. The polymer-solid cross-structure factor of the system PDMS/silica/cyclohexane. The slope of the continuous straight line in the log-log plot is -2.65.

The neutral, microporous films represent a very simple form of a membrane which closely resembles the conventional fiber filter as far as the mode of separation and the mass transport are concerned. These membranes consist of a solid matrix with defined holes or pores which have diameters ranging from less than 2 nm to more than 20 //m. Separation of the various chemical components is achieved strictly by a sieving mechanism with the pore diameters and the particle sizes being the determining parameters. Microporous membranes can be made from various materials, such as ceramics, graphite, metal or metal oxides, and various polymers. Their structure may be symmetric, i.e., the pore diameters do not vary over the membrane cross section, or they can be asymmetrically structured, i.e., the pore diameters increase from one side of the membrane to the other by a factor of 10 to 1,000. The properties and areas of application of various microporous filters are summarized in Table 1.1. 

Irradiation (e-beam or y-irradiation) is classified among the high-energy solid-state processes. Some similarities between mechanical milling and irradiation to compatibilize nonmiscible blends have been observed by different authors. 1- Smith et al. considered that these processes lead to the same phenomena (chain scission, cross-linking, amorphization), and they claimed that the factors influencing these phenomena (polymer chemical structure and temperature) are not dependent on the process. ... 

Interactions of ID polymers with porous solid particles depend on many factors types (chemistry) of a polymer and a solid, textural, and morphological characteristics of solid particles (5, V, PSD, particle size), dispersion medium (solvent can be a strong competitor especially in narrow pores), concentration, temperature, and time of interactions. In this case, the confined space effects can play a much stronger role than in the case of nanooxides composed of nonporous nanoparticles. A polymer shell on adsorbent particles can form a strong barrier (thick cross-linked 3D strictures) or a semipermeable membrane (thin 2D structures at a lower degree of cross-linking). Core-shell... 

Plastic deformation of a moldable powder-additive mixture is employed in several forming methods for ceramics. Extrusion of a moist clay-water mixture is used extensively in the traditional ceramics sector for forming components with a regular cross section (e.g., solid and hollow cylinders, tiles, and bricks). The method is also used to form some oxide ceramics for advanced applications (e.g., catalyst supports, capacitor tubes and electrical insulators). A recent development is the repeated co-extrusion of a particle-filled thermoplastic polymer to produce textured microstructures or fine-scale structures. Injection molding of a ceramic-polymer mixture is a potentially useful method for the mass production of small ceramic articles with complex shapes. However, the method has not yet materialized into a significant forming process for ceramics mainly because of two factors ... 

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