Polymer continued biological activities

In coacervation by Polymer 2-Polymer 3 repulsion, the addition of Polymer 3 causes phase separation between the two polymer species dissolved in a common solvent 1. This phase separation produces a viscous, liquid phase of Polymer 2, i.e., the coacervate, and a low-viscous phase of Polymer 3, often called continuous or polymer-poor phase. Under stirring, coacervate droplets are formed and dispersed in the continuous phase. The solubility of Polymer 3 in solvent 1 should be superior to that of Polymer 2 in this common solvent. For particle production, the Polymer 3 should also function as stabilizer for the coacervate droplets to prevent their aggregation. Further, for the entrapment of a biologically active material, the coacervate must have a certain degree of fluidity and a high affinity to the core material, whereas the affinity between core material and continuous phase should be low... 

Polymer additives can improve manufacturing processes and product quality, as they aid the formation of a continuous coating phase without any detrimental effect to the polymer. Biomedical applications of acrylic terpolymer with arginylglycylaspartic acid, i.e., a tripeptide composed of L-arginine, glycine and L-aspartic acid peptides, have been studied by Fussell and Cooper [39]. Chauhan and co-workers have investigated the biological activities of synthesised terpolymers based on p-hydroxybenzaldehyde... 

It is their specific optimal mechanical behavior characteristics that will help achieve new successes in the field of polymer bioimplants. Continued research on new resorbable polymers will be necessary to gain insights into cell response and cell interactions with surrounding tissues that are mediated by cell matrix interactions. The introduction of biologically active functional groups to the polymer chain will result in materials that are attractive for tissue regeneration. 

The SAS methods have been used for preparing a variety of particles and fine powders from proteins, pharmaceuticals, pigments, polymers, and even explosives. For example, Debenedetti and coworkers used a continuous-flow, supercritical antisolvent process to prepare fine powders of trypsin, lysozyme, and insulin proteins (58-60). In the preparation a protein solution in dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) was sprayed through a small orifice into supercritical CO2. The particles had diameters ranging from 1 to 5 p,m. The biological activity of the micrometer-sized powders was nearly the same as that of the starting materials. The method has also been used in the processing of pharmaceutically important compounds, such as salmeterol xinafoate (61), sulfathiazole (62), and methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone acetate (41). Kitamura et al. used the... 

Coordination polymers are one of the earliest developed classes of metal-containing polymers. They continue to attract a great deal of attention because of their widespread applications. Coordination complexes of platinum, for example, were prepared as potential biologically active agents by the reaction of K2PtCl4 with pyrimidines, purines, hydrazines, and diamines. Polymer 1, for example, represses the rephcation of poliovirus I and l-RNA virus at a 10-20- ig/mL level. 

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