Polyethylene glycol 50 percent

IR analysis can also be used quantitatively to determine the EO-PO ratio [12]. Using mixtures of polyethylene glycol and polypropyene glycol as calibration standards, the ratio of two absorbances, one due to the methyl group of the PO unit (e.g., the C-H stretch band at 2975 cm ) and one due to the methylene group (e.g., the C-H stretch band at 2870 cm ), are plotted against percent of PO content. The ratio of the same two absorbances taken from the IR spectrum of a poloxamer may then be used to determine its percent of PO content by interpolation. 

After 1 minute, add 250pi of 1 percent polyethylene glycol (MW 20,000) per 10ml of gold sol used. The PEG helps to stabilize further the sol against aggregation. 

Fuse the B-lymphocyte cells with myeloma cells by mixing them in a medium containing 40 percent to 50 percent polyethylene glycol (PEG). The medium will contain the mixtures of B-lymphocytes, myelomas, and hybrid-myeloma cells. The B-lymphocytes contain... 

Oxetanes have also been synthesized by the immobilization of 2,2 -disubstituted 1,3-diols with polymer-bound sulfonyl chloride, followed by intramolecular cyclization/cleavage from the solid support (Scheme 17) <2005TL643>. One percent divinylbenzene (DVB) cross-linked polystyrene and polyethylene glycol (PEG) (average Mn 3400) were used as polymer support in this reaction, and in both cases the properties of the polymer support allowed rapid purification of the intermediate. Intermediates on the insoluble cross-linked polystyrene support could be washed with a range of organic solvents to remove insoluble impurities, whereas the soluble PEG supported products could be purified by recrystallization from isopropanol. This is thought to represent the first reported polymer-supported synthesis of oxetanes. 

Treatment of wood with polyethylene glycol (PEG) is the most commonly used method to impart dimensional stability to wood. PEG in a water solution can be used to permeate the lumens and penetrate the cell wall. A 30-50 percent solution of PEG in water generally is used on green wood no pressure is required. Treatment times are adjusted so that a uniform uptake of 25-30 percent of PEG is achieved, based on the dry weight of the wood temperatures range from 21 to 60°C. The wood may require weeks of soaking, depending on species, density, and thickness. After treatment, the wood is dried in a well-ventilated space, preferably heated. 

A number of water-soluble polymers will cause phase separation when present together at concentrations of a few percent. The most widely used polymers are polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran. Proteins, other macromolecules, and cell components such as mitochondria distribute in the phases or collect at the interface. Proteins are destabilized at organic solvent/water interfaces, but when each solvent is water, the interfacial tension is negligible. Some salts such as potassium phosphate will also induce phase separation when a polymer is present, but the salt concentration must be high. Two-phase aqueous systems provide a mild method for purification of proteins, and scale-up to large volumes presents no engineering problems. The polymers... 

Besides surface texture, excipient particle size also plays an important role in the fine particle generation as shown by budesonide, where the highest fine particle fraction was obtained with small-sized (<32pm) lactose as the carrier. Additionally, fine particle excipients such as fine lactose or polyethylene glycol were reported to improve the performance of carrier-based protein dry powder aerosols.However, there are some cases where carriers improved total powder emission but reduced the percent of active powders in the aerosol. To be useful carriers, the excipients must be physically stable. The important physicochemical characteristics for drug carrier selection are discussed in Ref.t f... 

In addition, a non-absorbable marker, polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000, 10 g/L) was added to each meal in order to estimate the percent recovery of the meal and to adjust the volumes at the end of the test meal digestion (Borgstrom et al., 1957). This marker also allowed to estimate the rate of gastric emptying, the volume of gastric contents and the pyloric outputs of HGL and hpolysis products (Carriere et al., 1993 a). 

Abbreviations Used YADH, yeast alcohol dehydrogenase MD, maltodextrins MES, (2-[N-morpholino]ethanesulfonic acid) MOPS, (3-[N-morpholino]propanesulfonic acid) PEG, polyethylene glycol MW = 8000 YEC, yeast enzyme concentrate YH, homogenized yeast cells % m/m, mass percent DP, degree of polymerization. 

Typically, the oil phase contained 78% monomer/co-monomer, 8% divinyl benzene (cross-linking agent), and 14% non-ionic surfactant Span 80 (Sorbitan monooleate), while the aqueous phase contained 1% potassium persulfate as the initiator. In most cases studied here, monomer is styrene and when elasticity of the polymer is required, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2EHA) was used (styrene/2EHA ratio is 1 4). Whenever additives/fillers are placed in the aqueous phase their amounts are stated as weight percent while the phase volume of the aqueous phase remains constant. In some cases, the aqueous phase contains 0.5% hydroxyapatite and 15% phosphoric acid which is used to dissolve the hydroxyapatite, or alternatively, the aqueous phase may contain varying amounts of water-soluble polymer, such as polyethylene glycol or polyethylene oxide. If the styrene-based PHP is to be sulfonated to obtain ionic-hydrophilic foam, the pre-dispersion of sulfuric acid within the pores is useful, if not essential, and in that case, acids (typically 10%) can be used as the internal phaseP . ... 

Dogs with spinal injuries have been successfully treated at Purdue University. An injection of polyethylene glycol (PEG) within seventy-two hours of the occurrence of the injury prevents permanent spinal damage and the resulting paralysis. Two weeks after treatment, more than 50 percent of the dogs were able to stand and walk. 

A novel interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide is prepared and its potential for sorption and delivery of diatase, a digestive enzyme, is evaluated. The effects of experimental parameters such as varying chemical composition of the IPN, percent loading of diatase, pH and temperature of the release medium and molecular weight of PEG are investigated on the release dynamics of the diatase. On the basis of Pick s equation, the diffusional exponent (n) and diffusion (D) are evaluated for different IPN compositions. From the kinetic parameters data, an attempt is made to explore the nature of the mechanism of the release process of diastase. The IPNs are characterised by IR and examined for zero-order release behaviour of loaded enzyme. 39 refs. 

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