Polyesters shoe solings

Beeswax Nitrobenzene Petrolatum shoe sole system mfg., microcellular Poly (diethylene adipate) polyester shoe soles... 

Composite Particles, Inc. reported the use of surface-modified rubber particles in formulations of thermoset systems, such as polyurethanes, polysulfides, and epoxies [95], The surface of the mbber was oxidized by a proprietary gas atmosphere, which leads to the formation of polar functional groups like —COOH and —OH, which in turn enhanced the dispersibility and bonding characteristics of mbber particles to other polar polymers. A composite containing 15% treated mbber particles per 85% polyurethane has physical properties similar to those of the pure polyurethane. Inclusion of surface-modified waste mbber in polyurethane matrix increases the coefficient of friction. This finds application in polyurethane tires and shoe soles. The treated mbber particles enhance the flexibility and impact resistance of polyester-based constmction materials [95]. Inclusion of treated waste mbber along with carboxyl terminated nitrile mbber (CTBN) in epoxy formulations increases the fracture toughness of the epoxy resins [96]. 

Hytrel . [DuPont DuPont UK] Thermoplastic polyester elastomer polymers used in industrial applies, (hose, belting, flexible couplings, gears, seals, and elec, parts) spexting goods (ski equipment, ball bladders, and shoe soles) wire covering applies., automotive parts. 

Quasi-prepolymer systems based on polyester polyols and polyether polyols are becoming important in shoe soling, the former being most wear resistant and the latter the easiest to process. 

Polyester polyols are used widely in urethane adhesives because of their excellent adhesive and cohesive properties. Compared to polyether-based polyols, polyester-based polyol adhesives have higher tensile strengths and improved heat resistance. These benefits come at the sacrifice of hydrolytic resistance, low-temperature performance, and chemical resistance. One of the more important application areas for these products is in the solvent-borne thermoplastic adhesives used in shoe sole binding. These products are typically made from adipic acid and various glycols (see Fig. 15). 

Chem. Descrip. Linear poly (ethylene glycol 1,4-butanediol adipate) Uses PU intermediate for microcellular cast elastomer applies, such as shoe soles, and for sol n. coatings, adhesives, and thermoplastic Features Sat. aliphatic polyester polyol with all primary hydroxyl functionality rec. where abrasion resist, and high tens. str. are required in cast elastomers... 

Poly (diethylene adipate) polyester Synonyms Polyester polyol, slightly branched Uses Used in PU industry for mfg. of prepolymers, thermoplastic elastomers, coatings and adhesives, dispersing agents, microcellular shoe sole systems, millable gums, cast elastomers... 

Microcellular polyurethanes for shoe soling are of both the polyester and polyether types. Polyester types were developed first and owing to their generally superior mechanical properties they tend to be used in the thinner sole, high quality section of the market. Such polyester systems are usually based on quasi-prepolymers (made from part of the polyester and the MDI) and a resin blend made up of the rest of the polyester, the chain extender (usually butane diol), catalysts, surfactants and water to produce carbon dioxide to blow the foams. The use of a quasi-prepolymer enables the two... 

Such a structure in the moulding gives an optimum combination of flexing performance and resistance to water uptake. These two essential properties in a shoe sole tend to oppose one another it is relatively easy to have a closed cell-structure with low water uptake but poor flex cracking resistance, or to have excellent flexing, but with high water uptake. The polyester-based formulation developed by Clarks develops the structure to give both properties. 

Although an early synthetic plastic derived from cellulose was introduced in Europe in the nineteenth century, it was not until the twentieth century that the modem plastics industry was bom, with the introduction of Bakelite, which found apphcations in the manufacture of telephones, phonograph records, and a variety of varnishes and enamels. Thermoplastics, such as polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyester, can be heated and molded, and bUhons of pounds of them are produced in the United States annually. Polyethylene, a low-weight, flexible material, has many applications, including packj ing, electrical insulation, housewares, and toys. Polystyrene has found uses as an electrical insulator and, because of its clarity, in plastic optical components. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is an important polyester, with applications in fibers and plastic bottles. Polyvinyl chloride (PVG) is one of the most massively manufec-tured synthetic polymers. Its early apphcations were for raincoats, umbrellas, and shower cmtains, but it later found uses in pipe fittings, automotive parts, and shoe soles. 

Two basic types of polyurethanes are available as shoe-soling products polyester- and polyether-based systems. The polyester systems were first... 

China clay is a widely used white filler in the rubber industry. Depending on particle size, it can be used as a semi-reinforcing filler (hard clay) or a non-reinforcing filler (soft clay) in such applications as chemical liners, bicycle tyres, conveyor belts, shoe soles, gaskets and flooring. Its use in plastics is much more limited. In thermoplastics it is used for speciality antiblocking, in thermosets it is used in urea-, phenol- and melamine formaldehyde, in unsaturated polyesters, and in epoxy resins. 

Uses Foam stabilizer for mig. of polyester PU shoe soles... 

Even DuPont, however, encountered the odd banana skin on their triumphal path. Corfam, their artificial leather, proved a 70 million fiasco. It was nearly a decade in the making, and was meant for shoes that would not only breathe but would resist wear and retain a high polish for ever. The material comprised a web of polyester fibres, impregnated with polyurethane and covered with a polyurethane coating. The soles were porous (a million pores per square centimetre, the advertising proclaimed). But the material was not compliant, feet felt hot, and the appearance of the product did not please buyers when it came on the market in 1963. DuPont eventually sold the patent for a derisory sum to an organization in Poland, and thence into oblivion. 

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