Polychlorinated biphenyls vapor pressure

Westcott, J. W., Bidleman, T. F. (1982) Determination of polychlorinated biphenyl vapor pressures by capillary gas chromatography. J. Chromatogr. 210, 331-336. 

Westcott, J.W., Simon, C.G., and Bidleman, T.F. Determination of polychlorinated biphenyl vapor pressures by a semimicro gas saturation method, Environ. Sci. TechnoL, 15(11) 1375-1378, 1981. 

The van t Hoff equation also has been used to describe the temperature effect on Henry s law constant over a narrow range for volatile chlorinated organic chemicals (Ashworth et al. 1988) and chlorobenzenes, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (ten Hulscher et al. 1992, Alaee et al. 1996). Henry s law constant can be expressed as the ratio of vapor pressure to solubility, i.e., pic or plx for dilute solutions. Note that since H is expressed using a volumetric concentration, it is also affected by the effect of temperature on liquid density whereas kH using mole fraction is unaffected by liquid density (Tucker and Christian 1979), thus... 

Burkhard, L. P, Andren, A. W., Armstrong, D. E. (1985a) Estimation of vapor pressures for polychlorinated biphenyls A comparison... 

Hawker, D. W. (1990a) Vapor pressures and Henry s law constants of polychlorinated biphenyls. Environ. Sci. Technol. 23, 1250-1253. Hawker, D. W. (1990b) Description of fish bioconcentration factors in terms of solvatochromic parameters. Chemosphere 20, 267-477. Hawker, D. W., Connell, D. W. (1988) Octanol-water partition coefficients of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. Environ. Sci. Technol. 22, 382-387. 

Shiu, W.-Y., Mackay, D. (1986) A critical review of aqueous solubilities, vapor pressures, Henry s law constants, and octanol-water partition coefficients of the polychlorinated biphenyls. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 15, 911-929. 

Foreman, W.T., Bidleman, T.F. (1985) Vapor pressure estimates of individual polychlorinated biphenyls and commercial fluids using gas chromatographic retention data. J. Chromatogr. 330, 203-216. 

Falconer, R. L., and T. F. Bidleman, Vapor Pressures and Predicted Particle Gas Distributions of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners as Functions of Temperature and Ortho-Chlorine Substitution, Atmos. Environ., 28, 547-554 (1994). 

Burkhard, L. P., A. W. Andren, and D. E. Armstrong, Estimation of Vapor Pressures for Polychlorinated Biphenyls A Comparison of Eleven Predictive Methods. Chemosphere, 1985 19, 500-507. 

Compounds with a Henry s law constant greater than 0.01 or that exhibit vapor pressure greater than 0.5 mmHg (0.02 in Hg) can be successfully treated by in situ SVE. For example, solvents such as perchloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) and most constituents in gasoline can be effectively removed by this technology. On the other hand, SVE will not remove heavy oils, metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), or dioxins. 

Mackay and Shiu (1981) and Shiu and Mackay (1986) reviewed the physical-chemical properties of a variety of organic chemicals, polychlorinated biphenyls, and recommended H from a selected value of vapor pressure and aqueous solubility. Eastcott et al. (1988) and Suntio et al. (1988) also gave H for hydrocarbons and pesticide chemicals, respectively. Mackay, Shiu, and Ma (1992a, 1992b, 1993, 1995, 1997) compiled physical-chemical properties, including Henry s law constants for many organic chemicals of environmental interest. 

Hawker, D.W. 1989. Vapor pressures and Henry s law constants of polychlorinated biphenyls. Environ. Sci. Technol. 23, 1250-1253. 

Falconer, R.L. and T.F. Bidleman. 1994. Vapor pressures and predicted particle/gas distributions of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners as functions of temperature and ortho-chlorine substitution. Atmos. Environ. 28 547-554. 

FIGURE 7.2.2 Vapor pressure (liquid or supercooled liquid) versus Le Bas molar volume for polychlorinated biphenyls. 

Temperature Dependence of Physical-Chemical Properties of Selected Chemicals of Environmental Interest. II Chlorobenzenes, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, and Dibenzofurans This comprehensive data set compiles aqueous solubility, vapor pressure and Henry s law constant for temperatures in the environmental range. Recommended values are given along with equations for estimating values as a function of temperature. Phase change enthalpies are also included. 

Figure 24.9. Vapor pressure of selected compounds versus temperature. (Note Atmospheric pressure is 760mmHg.) (Copyright, 2001, CRC Press, used with permission) (Stegemeier and Vinegar, 2001). TEL, tetra-ethyl lead PCP, pentachlorophenol TCDD, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin PCB, polychlorinated biphenyls.

Bidleman TF (1988) Atmospheric process wet and dry deposition of organic compounds are controlled by their vapor-particle partitioning. Environ Sci Technol 22 361-367 Bjorklund E, Bowadt S, Nilsson T, Mathiasson L (1999) Pressurized fluid extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls in solid environmental samples. J Chromatogr A 836 285-293 Braun T, Navratil JD, Farag AB (1986) Polyurethane foam sorbents in separation science. CRC Press, Boca Raton... 

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