Polyaniline blends

At room temperature and at 10 K, the values of the electrical conductivity of PANI-CSA/PMMA samples with f—f, are of the order of 10 S/cm and 10 S/cm, respectively values which are remarkably high [285] For comparison, polyaniline blends made by dispersing intractable polyaniline in host polymers [286] show percolation only at much higher levels, 4 8.4%. In such samples, the room temperature conductivity at f. is five orders of magnitude lower, of the order of 10 S/cm [286]. 

Table 11.7. Parameter values for the fits of equation (23) to the conductivity data for polyaniline blends with PMMA and PETG. The value of was taken as 2000 K [93].

Table 11.14. Parameters Tq and (Tq in equation (39) deduced from conductivity data on polyaniline blends and unblended polyaniline [80]...

A.V. Nand, S. Swift, B. Uy, P.A. Kilmartin, Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of biocompatible low density polyethylene/polyaniline blends. J. Food Eng. 116, 422 29 (2013)... 

T. Del Castillo-Castro, M.M. CastiUo-Ortega, P.J. Herrera-Franco, D.E. Rodriguez-Felix, Compatibilization of polyethylene/polyaniline blends with polyethylene-graft-maleic anhydride. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 119, 2895-2901 (2011)... 

Radiation-induced dehydrochlorination of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and poly(vinylidene chloride (PVDC) and concomitant doping of polyaniline (PANI)-base with released HCL (From Guven, O., Radiation-induced conductivity control in polyaniline blends/composites. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 2007,76,1302-1307. With permission.)... 

Giiven, O., Radiation-induced conductivity control in polyaniline blends/ composites. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 2007,76,1302-1307. 

A. Pud, N. Ogintsov, A. Korzhenko, G. Shapoval, Some Aspects of Preparation Methods and Properties of Polyaniline Blends and Composites with OrgcUiic Polymers. Prog. Polym. Sci. 2003,28,1701-1753. 

Zhang Y, Rutledge G. C., Electrical conductivity of electrospun polyaniline and polyaniline-blend fibers and mats. Macromolecules, 2012,45,10.4238-4246, DOI 10.1021/ma3005982. 

Anand, J., S. Palaniappan, and D.N. Sathyanarayana. 1998. Gonducting polyaniline blends and composites. Prog Polym Sci 23 993-1018. 

Polyaniline Blend Fibers Fabrics Coated with Polypyrrole and Polyaniline... 

The formation of electrically conductive fibers of polyaniline blended with poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) processed from sulfuric acid was also reported by Hsu et al. [72]. A thoroughly mixed solution of 0.2 wt% emeraldine base and 17.6 wt% poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) was dissolved in sulfuric acid and this dope solution was extruded at 80°C through a 20-hole spinneret into a 1°C water coagulation bath. The continuous 20 filament yarns that were collected on the bobbin were thoroughly washed with water, which probably led to partial deprotonation of the emeraldine salt. However, the... 

McGovern, S.T., G.M. Spinks, and G.G. Wallace. 2005. Micro-humidity sensors based on a processable polyaniline blend. Sens Actuators B 107 657. 

FIGURE 14.8 (a) SEM micrograph of a single polyaniline blend nanofiber lying across four gold microelectrodes ... 

Picciani, P, Medeiros, E., Pan, Z, Wood, D., Orts, W., Mattoso, L., and Soares, B. (2010) Structural, electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of electrospun poly(lactic acid)/polyaniline blend fibers. Macromol. Mater. Eng., 295, 618—627. 

FIGURE 14.8 (a) SEM micrograph of a single polyaniline blend nanofiber lying across four gold microelectrodes (b) typical nanofiber response to various concentrations of ammonia vapor where the sensor was exposed to the ammonia vapor for 10 s followed by air for 2—4 min. (From Liu, H.Q., Kameoka, f., Czaplewski, D.A., and Craighead, H.G., Nano Lett., 4, 671, 2004. With permission.)... 

As far as processing of ICPs is concerned, various methods have been developed to prepare electrically conductive composites [139], among which melt processing is quite popular for thermoplastics [140, 141]. Martins and De Paoli [142] prepared polystyrene and polyaniline blends in a double-screw extruder, giving a conductive thermoplastic with electrical conductivity of 10 to 10 S cm . In most cases, conducting polymers are incompatible with thermoplastic, so a fimctional dopant is needed to improve compatibility. For example, dodecylbenzenosulfonic acid... 

Sathiyanarayanan, S., (eyaram, R., Muthukrishnan, S., and Venkatachari, G. (2009) Corrosion protection mechanism of polyaniline blended organic coating on steel./. Electrochem. Soc., 156, C127-C134. 

Sathiyanarayanan, S., Azim, S.S., and Venkatachari, G. (2008) Corrosion protection of magnesium alloy ZM21 by polyaniline-blended coatings./. Coat. Technol. Res., 5, 471-477. 

Sudha, J.D. and Sivakala, S. (2009) Conducting polystyrene/polyaniline blend through template-assisted emulsion polymerization Colloid Polym. Sci.. 2X7,1347-1354. 

The volume resistivity, permittivity, and dielectric loss factor of nanostructured interpenetrating polymer networks based on natural rubber/polystyrene have been found to increase as a function of blend composition, reaching a maximum of 10 -10 Hz dielectric loss factor [27]. Measurements of volume resistivity have also been reported on epoxy resin-polyaniline blends resulting in the establishment of a correlation between a shoulder on the 1583 cm band with the degree of volume resistivity [31]. 

Tsotra et al. [12] studied the electrical properties of clay-reinforced epoxy resin-polyaniline blends. 

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