Polyacrylonitrile solid oxide electrolyte

Modern lithium ion batteries use poly(ethylene oxide) or polyacrylonitrile as the sohd state electrolyte. Ideally, the hthium-salt electrolyte is dispersed in a solid polymer composite, but ion diffusion wiU occur only if the polymer is heated... 

Up to now, many types of polymer gel electrolytes have been used in quasi-solid-state DSSCs, including polyacrylonitrile (PAN), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP). PVDF-HFP exhibits high ionic conductivity and stability at room temperature however, the complex preparation technology and the poor mechanical strength of these gel polymer-based DSSCs represent a bottleneck to their introduction to the market. To overcome this problem, the electrospinning of such polymers has been performed with the aim of integrating the resulting fibrous, easy-to-obtain, and low-cost materials as electrolytes [23]. 

Preliminary studies performed recently at our laboratory on all-solid-state LDLC with PL0-LiC104 SPL (Li 0 = 1 8) at 25°C showed a good charge/discharge behaviour over 1500 cycles between 0.0 and 3.0 V. In addition, various gel electrolytes were investigated for LDLC as well. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PLO)-, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)- and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF)-based gel electrolytes, which have been apphed for secondary lithium batteries (Liu and Osaka, 1997 Schmutz et 1994 Sequeira et al, 1994b), were also studied as electrolyte systems for LDLC with carbon electrodes. 

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