Poly /polystyrene alloy

The main filled engineering plastics are polyamides, thermoplastic polyesters, poly(phenylene oxide)/polystyrene alloy, poly(phenylene sulfide), polyphthalamide, and polysulfones. 

The high strength, stiffness and heat distortion temperature of poly(phenylene oxide)/polystyrene alloy is improved by reinforcement with mica or wollastonite. These alloys are used in appliances, and in electrical and electronic products. 

Poly(Phenylene Oxide)/Polystyrene Alloy Polycarbonate. ... 

Noryl is an alloy of poly(2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene ethei) and polystyrene. 

The oxidative coupling of 2,6-dimethylphenol to yield poly(phenylene oxide) represents 90—95% of the consumption of 2,6-dimethylphenol (68). The oxidation with air is catalyzed by a copper—amine complex. The poly(phenylene oxide) derived from 2,6-dimethylphenol is blended with other polymers, primarily high impact polystyrene, and the resulting alloy is widely used in housings for business machines, electronic equipment and in the manufacture of automobiles (see Polyethers, aromatic). A minor use of 2,6-dimethylphenol involves its oxidative coupling to... 

Alloys and blends are of great commercial significance. The archetype of "alloys" is the poly(phenylene oxide)—polystyrene resin discussed eadier. Important examples of blends based on immiscible resins are afforded by the polycarbonate—poly(butylene terephthalate) resins and polycarbonate—ABS blends. 

Platinum-cobalt alloy, enthalpy of formation, 144 Polarizability, of carbon, 75 of hydrogen molecule, 65, 75 and ionization potential data, 70 Polyamide, 181 Poly butadiene, 170, 181 Polydispersed systems, 183 Polyfunctional polymer, 178 Polymerization, of butadiene, 163 of solid acetaldehyde, 163 of vinyl monomers, 154 Polymers, star-shaped, 183 Polymethyl methacrylate, 180 Polystyrene, 172 Polystyril carbanions, 154 Potential barriers of internal rotation, 368, 374... 

Poly(phenylene ether) 170 Often alloyed with polystyrene... 

As of 1992, the first specialty platable plastic, acrylonitrile—butadiene—styrene (ABS) terpolymer (see Acrylonitrile polymers, abs resins), is used in over 90% of POP applications. Other platable plastics include poly(phenylene ether) (see Polyethers), nylon (see Polyamides), polysulfone (see Polymers containing sulfur), polypropylene, polycarbonate, phenolics (see Pphenolic resins), polycarbonate—ABS alloys, polyesters (qv), foamed polystyrene (see Styrene plastics), and other foamed plastics (qv). 

ABA ABS ABS-PC ABS-PVC ACM ACS AES AMMA AN APET APP ASA BR BS CA CAB CAP CN CP CPE CPET CPP CPVC CR CTA DAM DAP DMT ECTFE EEA EMA EMAA EMAC EMPP EnBA EP EPM ESI EVA(C) EVOH FEP HDI HDPE HIPS HMDI IPI LDPE LLDPE MBS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-polycarbonate alloy Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-poly(vinyl chloride) alloy Acrylic acid ester rubber Acrylonitrile-chlorinated pe-styrene Acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-styrene Acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate Acrylonitrile Amorphous polyethylene terephthalate Atactic polypropylene Acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile Butadiene rubber Butadiene styrene rubber Cellulose acetate Cellulose acetate-butyrate Cellulose acetate-propionate Cellulose nitrate Cellulose propionate Chlorinated polyethylene Crystalline polyethylene terephthalate Cast polypropylene Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Chloroprene rubber Cellulose triacetate Diallyl maleate Diallyl phthalate Terephthalic acid, dimethyl ester Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer Ethylene-ethyl acrylate Ethylene-methyl acrylate Ethylene methacrylic acid Ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer Elastomer modified polypropylene Ethylene normal butyl acrylate Epoxy resin, also ethylene-propylene Ethylene-propylene rubber Ethylene-styrene copolymers Polyethylene-vinyl acetate Polyethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers Fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers Hexamethylene diisocyanate High-density polyethylene High-impact polystyrene Diisocyanato dicyclohexylmethane Isophorone diisocyanate Low-density polyethylene Linear low-density polyethylene Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene... 

Perhaps the best known member of the "heat-resistant" styrene plastics family is General Electric s Noryl (34). Noryl is an alloy of poly(phenylene oxide) and high-impact polystyrene. Heat deflection temperatures for Noryl range as high as 300 °F. The balance of mechanical properties is excellent, although processability is more difficult than for conventional styrene plastics. 

Polyblends in which both phases are rigid are frequently called poly alloys. Poly (phenyl oxide) is blended with impact polystyrene to improve melt flow. Complete compatibility between the two phases is rare and was observed between poly (methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) by D. R. Paul and J. O. Altamirano. Thermoplastics are added to polyesters to reduce mold shrinkage. 

Poly(2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene oxide)—which, thankfiilfy, b referred to as PPO—has the unusual property of being complete miscible with another homopolymer, in thb case polystyrene. Thb enables it to be toughened by alloying with HIPS. The structure of PPO b... 

Alloys of cellulose with up to 50% of synthetic polymers (polyethylene, poly(vinyl chloride), polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene) have also been made, but have never found commercial applications. In fact, any material that can survive the chemistry of the viscose process and can be obtained in particle sizes of less than 5 /u-m can be alloyed with viscose. 

Fig. 20. FCP rates vs AK for several engineering plastics and metal alloys (39). A, LDPE B, epoxy C, PMMA D, polysulfone E, polystyrene F, PVC G, pol3Kphenylene oxide) H, polycarbonate I, nylon-6,6 J, HI-nylon-6,6 K, poly(vinylidene fluoride) L, acetal resins M, 2219-T851 aluminum alloy N, 300M steel alloy.

Pig. 1. Typical microhardness values of pol3maers compared with data for metals. LDPE, low density polyethylene HDPE, high density polyethylene iPP, isotactic polypropylene CEPE, chain-extended polyethylene POM, polyoxymethylene aPS, atactic polystyrene PET, poly(ethylene terephthalate) PEN, pol3Kethylene naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate) CF composite, carbon-fiber composite. Hardness data of metals and alloys markedly depend on composition, degree of work-hardening, processing conditions, etc. For this reason, the values in Figure 1 should be considered as typical values rather than as absolute values. Most of the data for metals are taken from Ref 1. 

Two of the major practical uses of miscible polymer blends or alloys are to obtain a compromise in properties between two polymers, such as in the system polystyrene-poly(2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene oxide), (Noryl), and in polymeric plasticizers, especially for PVC. In a recent discussion of the effect of compatibility on polymer mixtures it was pointed out that properties such as the moduli of a... 

Formation of a polymer alloy is a common way to improve the property of PLLA. Many kinds of polymers such as polyethylene [70], polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) [71], poly (methyl methacrylate) [72], bisphnol-A type polycarbonate, poly(E-caprolactone), poly(3-hydroxybuty-rate), poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) [73], poly(butylene succinate/adipate) (PBSA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene have been used for preparing PLLA alloys, and some of which have been commercialized. However, there has been no discussion of the thermal degradation behavior of the PLLA component. 

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