Poly , natural/organic

Johnson, W. P., and G. L. Amy. 1995. Facilitated transport and enhanced desorption of poly-cylic aromatic hydrocarbons by natural organic matter in aquifer sediments. Environmental Science and Technology 29 807. 

Natural organic polyelectrolytes are some of the most active components of natural soil-water systems entering into physical and chemical reactions with practically all other components of the systems. Most pesticides are strongly sorbed by insoluble natural organic polyelectrolytes, such as humic acid. The soluble humic salts, however, may solubilize insoluble pesticides. Pesticides also enter into chemical reactions with natural organic poly electrolytes. The mechanisms of most of these interactions have not yet been elucidated. Elucidation will require isolation of well-defined, chemically and physically homogeneous natural polyelectrolyte fractions. 

WERSHAW AND GOLDBERG Natural Organic Poly electrolytes... 

Several types of chemical reactions can take place between pesticides and natural organic poly electrolytes ... 

Class A—synthetic and natural organic polymers soluble in water, increasing the viscosity of mixing water these are the following groups of compounds cellulose ethers, poly(ethylene oxide), polyacrylamides, polyvinylalcohol and others. 

KUduff, J.E., Mattaraj, S., Pieracci, J.P. and Belfort, G. 2000. Photochemical modification of poly(ether sulfone) and sulfonated poly(sulfone) nanofiltration membranes for control of fouhng by natural organic matter. Q jj linali 132 133-142. 

Corti A., CineUi R, D Antone S., Kenawy E.-R., Solaro R. Biodegradation of poly(vinyl alcohol) in soil environment influence of natural organic fiUers and structural parameters, Macromol. Chem. Phys. 203 (2002) 1526. 

Thickeners. Thickeners are added to remover formulas to increase the viscosity which allows the remover to cling to vertical surfaces. Natural and synthetic polymers are used as thickeners. They are generally dispersed and then caused to swell by the addition of a protic solvent or by adjusting the pH of the remover. When the polymer swells, it causes the viscosity of the mixture to increase. Viscosity is controlled by the amount of thickener added. Common thickeners used in organic removers include hydroxypropylmethylceUulose [9004-65-3], hydroxypropylceUulose [9004-64-2], hydroxyethyl cellulose, and poly(acryHc acid) [9003-01-4]. Thickeners used in aqueous removers include acryHc polymers and latex-type polymers. Some thickeners are not stable in very acidic or very basic environments, so careful selection is important. 

Cured phenolics are universally brittle in nature. This is true of both resoles and novolacs and does not depend much on the source of methylene used to promote cure. Consequently, the fillers used in molded articles are highly important to the design of the manufactured product. With resoles, the fiber or filler are usually the primary component of the final composite, with the resole acting as a binder or impregnating agent. With novolacs the resin may be the major component in the molded part. Poly-silanes and other organic polymers are also added in some applications to promote impact resistance and toughness [192]. 

A large part of organic and macromolecular chemistry starts with the chemical functionalization of benzene, and benzene units serve us building blocks for important polymers. Naturally, benzene-based aromatic materials also represent an important subclass of jt-conjugaled architectures. Despite some synthetic difficulties related to the generation of structurally well-defined oligo- and poly(phenyl-... 

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