Poly- methyl amino copolymers

Polyamide copolymers containing a macromolecular graft substituent were prepared by condensing 4-amino-benzoic acid or a mixture of 1,4-phenylene diamine and adipic acid with 33%, 66%, and 90% 5-(poly(n-butylacrylate)cysteine macromonomer. A second macromolecular monomer, 5-(poly(methyl methacrylate)-cysteine, was also prepared and free radically copolymerized with perfluoromethyl methacrylate. 

Macroporous poly(styrene-divlnylbenzene) copolymer, FRF-1, columns were used as the stationary phase in the reverse-phase HFLC of the synthetic 3-lactam antihiotlc aztreonam [2S-[2a,33(Z)]]-3-[[(2-Amino-4-thiazolyl)[(1-carhoxy-l-methylethoxy)-imino]acetyl]amino]-2-methyl-4-oxo-l-azetidlnesulfonlc acid and related compounds. Aztreonam was separated better from its precursors and therefore could be assayed more accurately. In most cases, the elution order of compounds tested on a FKF-1 column followed that in conventional reverse-phase, suggesting a similar separation mechanism. For various separations Investigated, FRP-1 was found to be more suitable for our applications than the silica-based reversed-phase columns. 

Most research into the study of dispersion polymerization involves common vinyl monomers such as styrene, (meth)acrylates, and their copolymers with stabilizers like polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) [33-40], poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) [18,41],poly(methacrylicacid) [42],or hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) [43,44] in polar media (usually alcohols). However, dispersion polymerization is also used widely to prepare functional microspheres in different media [45, 46]. Some recent examples of these preparations include the (co-)polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) [47,48],4-vinylpyridine (4VP) [49], glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) [50-53], acrylamide (AAm) [54, 55], chloro-methylstyrene (CMS) [56, 57], vinylpyrrolidone (VPy) [58], Boc-p-amino-styrene (Boc-AMST) [59],andAT-vinylcarbazole (NVC) [60] (Table 1). Dispersion polymerization is usually carried out in organic liquids such as alcohols and cyclohexane, or mixed solvent-nonsolvents such as 2-butanol-toluene, alcohol-toluene, DMF-toluene, DMF-methanol, and ethanol-DMSO. In addition to conventional PVP, PAA, and PHC as dispersant, poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) [54], partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl alcohol) (hydrolysis=35%) [61], and poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-fo-butyl methacrylate)... 

Extensive neutron reflectivity studies on surfactant adsorption at the air-water interface show that a surfactant monolayer is formed at the interface. Even for concentration cmc, where complex sub-surface ordering of micelles may exist,the interfacial layer remains a monolayer. This is in marked contrast to the situation for amphiphilic block copolymers, where recent measurements by Richards et al. on polystyrene polyethylene oxide block copolymers (PS-b-PEO) and by Thomas et al. on poly(2-(dimethyl-amino)ethylmethacrylamide-b-methyl methacrylate) (DMAEMA-b-MMA) show the formation of surface micelles at a concentration block copolymer, where an abrupt change in thickness is observed at a finite concentration, and signals the onset of surface micellisation. 

The poly a-olefin/aminoolefin copolymers had lowered TmS as compared to their homopolyolefin analogues (223 °C for poly-4-methyl-l-pentene, 159—186 °C for copolymers, 115 °C for the polyamine) but showed greatly increased decomposition temperatures. With just 2.5 mol % amino comonomer present, the decomposition temperature of poly(4-methyl-l-pentene) was raised by 43 °C. This enhancement is thought to be a result of the antioxidant capabilities of the tertiary amine functionality. The copolymers can also be quaternized to give alcohol- and water-soluble polyolefins. 

One of the first separations of statistical copolymers using gradient HPLC was carried out by Teramachi et al. [34]. Mixtures of poly(styrene-co-methyl acrylate)s were separated by composition on silica columns through a carbon tetrachloride/methyl acetate gradient (see Fig. 11). When increasing the content of methyl acetate in the eluent, retention increased with increasing methyl acrylate content in the copolymer. This behavior fitted the normal-phase chromatographic system used. Similar separations could be achieved on other columns as well, such as polar bonded-phase columns (diol, nitrile, amino columns) [1]. 

Random copolymerization of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) using RAFT polymerization results in dually responsive (temperature and pH) copolymers [64]. When the amino groups of DMAEMA are pro-tonated at pH 4, the copolymers do not exhibit an LCST. However, at pH 7 and 10, the observed LCST increases linearly with PEGMA content. Thus, the copolymer LCST (35-80 °C) can be tuned by adjusting solution pH and copolymer composition (Fig. 3.8). 

Thermal stability measurements have been carried out on numerous other polymers including polyethylene ethylene vinyl-alcohol copolymer [12], polyaniline [13], ) 3 s-stilbene-N-substituted maleimides [14], cellulose [15-20], polystyrene [14, 16], ethylene-styrene copolymers [21,22], ST-DVB-based ion exchangers [23], vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymers [24], polyethylene terephthalate [25], polyesters such as polyisopropylene carboxylate [26], polyglycollate [27-29], Nylon 6 [30], polypyromellitimides, poly-N-a-naphthylmaleimides [26,31], polybenzo-bis(amino-imino pyrolenes) [32], polyvinyl chloride [33-35], acrylamide-acrylate copolymers and polyacrylic anhydride [36-38], polyamides [39], amine-based polybenzo-oxazines [40], polyester hydrazides [41], poly-a-methyl styrene tricarbonyl chromimn [42], polytetrahydrofuran [43], polyhexylisocyanate [44], polyurethanes [45], ethylene-... 

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