Poly elastomers, characterization

Chattopadhyay S., Chaki T.K., and Bhowmick A.K., New thermoplastic elastomers from poly(ethyle-neoctene) (engage), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) and low-density polyethylene by electron beam technology structural characterization and mechanical properties. Rubber Chem. TechnoL, 74, 815, 2001. Roy Choudhury N. and Dutta N.K., Thermoplastic elastomeric natural rubber-polypropylene blends with reference to interaction between the components. Advances in Polymer Blends and Alloys Technology, Vol. 5 (K. Finlayson, ed.), Technomic Publishers, Pensylvania, 1994, 161. 

Liu QY, Tian M, Ding T, Shi R, Feng YX, Zhang LQ, Chen DF, and Tian W. Preparation and characterization of a thermoplastic poly(glycerol-sebacate) elastomer by two-step method, 2007, 103, 1412-1419. 

In the following sections, details are provided on a selection of analytical techniques that have been typically used to characterize poly(m-carborane-siloxane) elastomers. 

The synthesis, characterization, and mechanical properties of a novel star block copolymer thermoplastic elastomer with eight poly(isobutylene-b-sty-rene) arms radiating from a calix[8]arene was recently reported by Jacob et al. [41]. The process involved the synthesis of eight arm star PIB by a method essentially identical to that described above, followed by sequential addition of S after the IB conversion has reached 95%. To minimize alkylation and to obtain high MW PS blocks, moderate TiCl4 concentration (0.059 mol 1 x) and a 2- to... 

Kennedy, J. P. and Chou, T. Poly(isobutylcnc-co-(J-Pinenc) A New Sulfur Vulcanizable, Ozone Resistant Elastomer by Cationic Isomerization Copolymerization. Vol. 21, pp. 1-39. Kennedy, J. P. and Delvaux, J. M. Synthesis, Characterization and Morphology of Poly(buta-diene-g-Styrene). Vol. 38, pp. 141-163. 

The MAO-activated 138 and 137, effective in the living homopolymerization of ethylene and propylene, also promote their block co-polymerization. This approach broadens remarkably the utility of living catalysts because it allows the preparation of block co-polymers with high glass or melting transition blocks from common commercial monomers such as ethylene and propylene. These materials could have applications as compatibilizers and elastomers.1232,1233 Using complex 138, propylene has been first homopolymerized to sPP for 2h in toluene at 0°C (Mn = 38400 Mw/Mn = 1.11). Then, an ethylene overpressure was applied, and in 1 additional h an sPP-/W< (j -poly(E-r -P) diblock co-polymer was obtained (Mn = 145 100, A/w/A/ = 1.12). The microstructure of this diblock co-polymer is shown in Scheme 48. This co-polymer has a Tm of 131 °C while the ethylene-propylene block (E = 33 mol%) has a TR of —45 °C.1175 A detailed morphological and thermodynamic characterization of these co-polymers has been reported.1234... 

Guan JJ et al (2004) Biodegradable poly(ether ester urethane)urea elastomers based on poly(ether ester) triblock copolymers and putrescine synthesis, characterization and cytocompatibility. Biomaterials 25(l) 85-96... 

Both Tg and Tm are important parameters that serve to characterize a given polymer. While Tg sets an upper temperature limit for the use of amorphous thermoplastics like poly(methyl methacrylate) or polystyrene and a lower temperature limit for rubbery behavior of an elastomer-like SBR rubber or 1,4-cij-polybutadiene, Tm or the onset of the melting... 

Polymer (B) Characterization poly[tetrafluoroethylene-co- perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether)] 2006BEL 49.3 mol% perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), TgfK = 265.2, p = 2.02 g/cm DuPont Performance Elastomers, L.L.C., Wilmington, DE ... 

C.L.E. Nijst, J.P. Bruggeman, J.M. Karp, L. Ferreira, A. Zumbuehl, C.J. Bettinger, R. Langer, Synthesis and characterization of photo-curable elastomers from poly(glycerol-co-sebacate), Biomacromolecules 8 (2007) 3067-3073. 

Q.Z. Chen, A. Bismarck, U. Hansen, S. Junaid, M.Q. Tran, S.E. Harding, N.N. Ah, A.R. Boccaccini, Characterization of a soft elastomer poly(glycerol sebacate) designed to match the mechanical properties of myocardial tissue. Biomaterials 29 (2008) 47-57. 

Hiki, S., Miyamoto, M. and Kimura, Y. (2000) Synthesis and characterization of hydroxy-terminated (RS)-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and its utilization to block copolymetization with 1-lactide to obtain a biodegradable themoplastic elastomer. Polymer, 41,7369-7379. 

Aim TH, Park YH, Kim SH, Baik DH. Preparation and characterization of poly(ether ester) thermoplastic elastomers containing the 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxyl group. J Appl Polym Sci 2003 90(13) 3473-80. 

Halogenation and hydrohalogenation of elastomers have been reported extensively in the literature [26]. The main problems with these reactions are the cyclization and chain scission that occur parallel to the halogenation reaction. These introduce difficult problems in the characterization of the resulting products. Despite these problems, several products have been prepared and commercialized. Chlorination of poly(l, 4-butadiene) to prepare a product similar to poly(vinyl chloride) has been reported by several workers [27]. This process had extensive side reactions and chain degradation. The chlorination of butyl rubber and conjugated diene-butyl rubbers gives end products that are used in the tire industry as inner liners for air retention. 

Poly(phthalamide)/poly(dimethylsiloxane) copolymers (PA/PDMS) can be used as thermopolastic elastomers at high temperatures. Modem NMR spectroscopy supplies several tools for characterization and has the potential to answer the questions about composition, mobility and domain size of the separated phases. 

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