Poly butadiene

A polystyrene-poly(ethylene,l-butene)-polystyrene triblock copolymer is produced by the selective hydrogenation of the corresponding triblock copolymer in which the center block consists of random placements of 1,2-poly(1,3-butadiene) and 1,4-poly (1,3-butadiene) units. 

Figure 2.16 Maps of conformational energy of various cis and trans polydienes as function of torsion angles 9i and 0268 (a) cis-l,4-poly( 1,3-butadiene), (b) /ra .v-l,4-poly( J, 3-buladiene), (c) cis-l, 4-poly(isoprene), (d) trans-1,4-poiy(isoprenej, (e) cis-1,4-poly(2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene), and (/) trans- 1,4-poly(2,3 -dimethyl-1,3-butadiene). Isoenergetic curves are reported every 2 kJ/mol of monomeric units with respect to absolute minimum of each map assumed as zero. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. 68. Copyright 1986 by the Societa Chimica Italiana.)...

Crystalline polymers characterized by disordered conformations of the chains are, for instance, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), /ra .s-1,4-poly (1,3-butadiene), and cis-1,4-poly(isoprcnc). 

Another example of a conformationally disordered mesomorphic form is the high-temperature phase of trans-1,4-poly(1,3-butadiene).111112 As discussed in Section 2.6, in this phase the disorder corresponds to a statistical succession... 

Fig. 7 Possible repeating unit representations (a, b, c) for poly-1,3-butadiene...

In the presence of a dissolved polymer, the radical polymerization of a monomer by thermal decomposition of an initiator results in a mixture of homopolymerization and graft polymerization [Brydon et al., 1973, 1974 Ludwico and Rosen, 1975, 1976 Pham et al., 2000 Russell, 2002], Polymer radicals (XXX), formed by chain transfer between the propagating radical and polymer, initiate graft polymerization of styrene. The product (XXXI) consists of polystyrene grafts on the 1,4-poly-1,3-butadiene backbone. Polymer radicals are also formed... 

For polymers containing double bonds as in 1,4-poly-1,3-butadiene, graft polymerization also involves copolymerization between the polymerizing monomer and the double bonds of the polymer in addition to grafting initiated by chain transfer. The relative amounts of the two... 

Figure 1.10. Repeating units of poly-1,3-butadiene and polyisoprene.

Moraglio, G., Polizzotti, G. and Danusso, F. Enantiotropic polymorphism of transtactic poly-1,3-butadiene, Europ. Polymer J. 1, 183 (1965)... 

GUTTA PERCHA(Poly-1.3 butadiene,trans) POLYETHYLENE L.D. 

Poly (1,3-butadiene), trans Poly (1,3-butadiene), cis Poly (propylene oxide)... 

Parker [4] end-group functionalized poly(1,3-butadiene) polymers with isopropyl hydroxyl-amines to improve the affinity and interaction with carbon black and silica fillers to extend tire lifetime. 

Sulfur cross-linked chains resulting from vulcanization of poly-1,3-butadiene. 

Lipases can be used to convert carboxylic acids to peracids with hydrogen peroxide. The peracids are used in situ for the oxidation of olefins, such as oleic acid, oleyl alcohol, and poly (1,3-butadiene).173... 

The relative amounts of the two processes (a) and (b) depend on the nature of the double bond. For example, the process (b) predominates when the double bond is more reactive. Although the method yields graft copolymer mixed with homopolymer, it has found successful industrial applications, as in the production of HIPS mentioned above and ABS copolymer made by copolymerizing styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of poly( 1,3-butadiene). 

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