Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

Pneumococcal vaccine. The heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is recommended for all children age 2-23 months. It is also recommended for certain children age 24-59 months. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) is recommended in addition to PCV for certain high-risk groups. See MMWR. 2000 49(RR-9) 1-35. 

PCV 7, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine PPV 23, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. From Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices,18 Committee on Infectious Diseases,16 and Sickle Cell Disease Care Consortium.27... 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Direct and indirect effects of routine vaccination of children with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease—United States, 1998-2003. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) 2005 54(36) 893-897. 

Herd immunity refers to high levels of immunization in one population resulting in protection of another unvaccinated population. For example, concentrated vaccination of children with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine resulted in decreased invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infection not only in the vaccinated children, but also in elderly persons within the same community. 

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is recommended for children ages 2 months to 2 years and Al in those with high-risk conditions and older than age 2. 

Pneumococcal vaccine. (Minimum age 6 weeks for pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV 2 yeas for pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine [PW])... 

Because children younger than 2 years of age do not respond adequately to the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, a heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was created that can be administered at 2, 4, and 6 months of age and between 12 and 15 months of age. 

ACIP wields power, however, beyond its mission or design. For example, when ACIP voted to recommend the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000, its actions increased federal expenditures by half a billion dollars over two years (Freed and Cowan 2002). 

The immunogenicity of 7-valent pneumococcal-conjugate vaccine plus 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in 11 children has been compared with the immunogenicity of 23-valent vaccine alone in 12 children up to 2 years of age with sickle cell disease (9). IgG pneumococcal antibody concentrations were higher with combined administration, with no increase in adverse effects after immunization with 23-valent vaccine. 

Vernacchio L, Neufeld EJ, MacDonald K, Kurth S, Murakami S, Hohne C, King M, Molrine D. Combined schedule of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine followed by 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in children and young adults with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr 1998 133(2) 275-8. 

XIII. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines No condition specified for compensation Not applicable... 

The development of tetravalent meningococcal and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine pointed to the future need of new carrier proteins. Experimentally or in very early clinical development are several proteins. Examples are Bortedella pertussis fimbriae [109], recombinant 64 KDa Nm OMP [110], Nmporin [111], and Sp pneumolysin [112]. 

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar ) Infant pneumococcal No... 

PCV 7, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine PPV 23, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. 

Two different pneumococcal vaccines are available. The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV 7 Prevnar) induces good antibody responses in infants. Immunization with the PCV 7 is recommended for all children less than 24 months of age. Infants should receive the first dose between 6 weeks and 6 months. Two additional doses should be given at approximately 2-month intervals, followed by a fourth dose at age 12 to 15 months. The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV 23 Pneumovax 23) was not recommended for use in children less than 2 years of age because... 

Committee on Infectious Diseases, American Academy of Pediatrics. Policy Statement Recommendations for the prevention of pneumococcal infections, including the use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (lYevnar), pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, and antibiotic prophylaxis. Pediatrics 2000 106 362-366. 

Black S, Shinefield H, Fireman B, et al. Efficacy, safety and immuno-genicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children. Northern California Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center Group (see comments). Pediatr Infect Dis 1 2000 19 187-195. 

Black S, Shinefield H. Safety and efficacy of fhe seven-valenf pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Evidence from northern California. Eur 1 Pediatr 2002 161(suppl 2) S127-131. 

Lieu TA, Ray GT, Black SB, et al. Projected cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination of healthy infants and young children. JAMA 2000 283 1460-1468. 

Eskola J, Kilpi T, Palmu A, et al. Efficacy of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against acute otitis media. N Engl J Med 2001 344 403 09. 

Fireman B, Black SB, Shinetield HR, et al. Impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003 22 10-15. 

For children up to age 16 years with HTV infection, immunization following the standard schedules is recommended for hepatitis B, DTaP, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), H. influenzae type b (Hib), inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), and annual influenza. Two doses of MMR vaccine should be administered at least 1 month apart as soon as possible after the first birthday. MMR should be administered only to children who have no evidence or moderate evidence of immunosuppression. Two doses of varicella vaccine separated by... 

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