Plutonium separation

We are not able to suggest a suitable reagent to replace H0N0 for counteracting disproportionation of Pu(IV) in nitrate media. We can only emphasize the benefits to large-scale plutonium separation (via TBP extraction) of finding such a reagent. 

Iron titanates, 25 46 47 Iron titanium brown spinel, formula and DCMA number, 7 348t Iron trimer, 16 62 Ironworks, early American, 14 492 Iron/Zinc/Magnesium Oxide Tan pigment for plastics, 7 369t Irradiated uranium, plutonium separation and purification from, 19 674-675 Irradiation... 

Birkett, J.E. Carrott, M.J. Fox, O.D. Jones, C.J. Maher, C.J. Roube, C.V. Raylor, R.J. Woodhead, D.A. Recent developments in the Purex process for nuclear fuel reprocessing Complexant based stripping for uranium/plutonium separation, Chimia 59 (2005) 898-904. 

Chu, N. Y. (1971) Plutonium separation in soil by leaching and ion exchange separation. 

Wong, K.M., G.S. Brown, and V.E. Noshkin. 1978. A rapid procedure for plutonium separation in large volume of fresh and saline water by manganese dioxide coprecipitation. J. Radioanal. Chem. 42 7-15. 

Figure 15.4 Schematic of an ion exchange column for plutonium separation.

The chemical basis for americium-plutonium separation is the free energies of formation (AG) of the metal chlorides MgCl2, PuCl3, and AmCl3. 

There follows a description of plutonium separation by anion-exchange. Plutonium as well as several other heavy elements (e.g. U, Th, Np, Am, Cm), may be separated and purified by anion-exchange chromatography. If only activity is to be determ-... 

Plutonium Purification. The same purification approach is used for plutonium separated from sediments or seawater. In case reduction may have occurred, the plutonium is oxidized to the quadrivalent state with either hydrogen peroxide or sodium nitrite and adsorbed on an anion exchange resin from 8M nitric acid as the nitrate complex. Americium, curium, transcurium elements, and lanthanides pass through this column unadsorbed and are collected for subsequent radiochemical purification. Thorium is also adsorbed on this column and is eluted with 12M hydrochloric acid. Plutonium is then eluted from the column with 12M hydrochloric acid containing ammonium iodide to reduce plutonium to the non-adsorbed tervalent state. For seawater samples, adequate cleanup from natural-series isotopes is obtained with this single column step so the plutonium fraction is electroplated on a stainless steel plate and stored for a-spectrometry measurement. Further purification, especially from thorium, is usually needed for sediment samples. Two additional column cycles of this type using fresh resin are usually required to reduce the thorium content of the separated plutonium fraction to insignificant levels. 

Optimum conditions are being determined for formation of the uranate. Studies include utilizing 100% nitric acid vapor to determine uranium-plutonium separation and to investigate alternate separation methods, particularly the effects of added anions. 

A partitioning method which does not require any additives was proposed by Weech (24). The plutonium separation is accomplished by recycling part of the separated uranium to a reflux column in which a high saturation of uranium is maintained in the organic phase. The plutonium extraction is thus greatly... 

Use Plutonium separation, hydrolysis of ribonucleic acid, absorbent. 

---