Platinum complexes sensors

Square-planar ds platinum complexes could perhaps be used as the chemically sensitive layer for a chemical sensor system. These complexes are robust and form colored solid-state materials that respond spectroscopically to a wide range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) this process has been named vapochromism. The vapochromic shifts occur in the solid-state UV-vis,... 

Albrecht M, van Koten G. Platinum group organometallics based on pincer complexes sensors, switches, and catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed 2001 40 3750-3781. 

Dendritic polymers are used as functional thin layers. Highly branched aromatic polyesters with polar end groups show good response behaviour in gas phase and liquid sensors [46]. Ease of recycling of the expensive platinum complexes (e.g. by nanofiltration) is a positive aspect of the use of such sensor den-drimers [47]. 

The strong environment dependence of the photophysical properties of platinum complexes allows their application as sensors. A phosphorescent Pt-Pt complex, shown in Fig. 12, can undergo a photoinduced Pt-Pt distance shortening. This leads to the formation of two distinct excited states and dual emission in the steady state. This photoinduced molecular structure change has a strong dependence on the molecule s... 

Similar results have been derived in generating free radicals through pyrolysis of acetone on a platinum filament [50]. Adsorption of more complex radicals such as C2H5, C3H7, CH2C6, etc. has been studied using the same methods. The above relationship asserts satisfactorily in these cases, too. This provides the evidence for versatility of the found relationship (3.22) which can be successfully applied in the methods involving the use of sensors. 

Until relatively recently, most work focused on organic luminophores as sensor-probe materials. However, luminescent transition metal complexes, especially those with platinum metals (Ru(II), Os(II), Re(I), Rh(III), and Ir(III)) have shown considerable promise and are receiving increasing attention. More recently Pt(II) complex have shown promising results.(4) Many of these materials have highly desirable features ... 

Liu et al. have reported the development and applications of the commonly used local anaesthetic sensitive field-effect transistor(FET) [56]. The ion-pair complexes of procaine with silicotungstate, tetraphenylborate, or reineckate were prepared as electroactive materials for a drug sensor. These active materials were coated onto the platinum draw wire of a MOSFET to make a local anaesthetic-sensitive FET that... 

Poly(phenyl ester) dendrimers with six terminal platinum chelate complex units were used as highly selective sensors for sulphur dioxide, considered partly responsibly for the formation of smog and acid rain. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide or sunlight and ozone, S02 is oxidised to S03. The latter reacts spontaneously with water to form sulphuric acid. That is the reason why detection of minimal concentrations of sulphur dioxide with appropriate sensors is necessary. The arylplatinum(II) complexes attached to the molecular periphery of the dendrimers absorb sulphur dioxide with formation of a pentacoordi-... 

Abstract Pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) is applied to the areodynamics measurement. PSP is optical sensor based on the luminescence of dye probe molecules quenching by oxygen gas. Many PSPs are composed of probe dye molecules, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pyrene, pyrene derivative etc.), transition metal complexes (ruthenium(II), osumium(II), iridium(III) etc.), and metalloporphyrins (platinum (II), palladium(II), etc.) immobilized in oxygen permeable polymer (silicone, polystyrene, fluorinated polymer, cellulose derivative, etc.) film. Dye probe molecules adsorbed layer based PSPs such as pyrene derivative and porphyrins directly adsorbed onto anodic oxidised aluminium plat substrate also developed. In this section the properties of various oxygen permeable polymer for matrix and various dye probes for PSP are described. 

Demas JN, DeGraff BA. Apphcation of luminescent transition platinum group metal complexes to sensor technology and molecular probes. Coord Chem Rev 2001 211 317-51. 

The complex electric permittivity, k = k + k , where k = C/C o is the real, and k = tan(8) / K is the complex part of the permittivity, was measured in the frequency interval 300 Hz - 1 MHz at different temperatures by a Solartron 1200 inq>edance gain analyser, using a parallel plate capacitor made of stainless steel. From the capacitance, C, and the tangent loss, tan(6), the values of k and k were calculated [2]. The temperature was controlled within O.IK using a platinum resistor Pt(lOO) as a sensor and a K30 Modinegen external cryostat coupled with a N-180 ultra-cryostat. 

In this review, the synthesis, properties, and applications in optoelectronic fields of polyfluorenes with on-chain metal centers have been briefly summarized. Metal complexes involving iridium(III), platinum(II), europium(III), rhenium(I), and ruthenium(II) complex coupled with polyfluorene are surveyed. Efficient energy transfer from polymer main-chain to metal-centers can occur in these host-guest systems. These kinds of novel polymers are usually applied in the fields of phosphorescent OLEDs, memory devices, and sensors. In particular, the realization of efficient energy transfer and phosphorescence offers a huge potential for future optoelectronic devices based on these kinds of materials. 

The processability of certain CEPs has been utilized in the construction of microsystems, particularly miniature sensor systems. For example, simply dip-coating connecting platinum wires with a polyaniline formulation produces a useful humidity sensor.133 CEPs can also be screen-printed or ink-jet-printed to produce the complex shapes needed for various devices. Electrodeposition of CEPs is also a popular processing method, and this technique is compatible with conventional MEMS fabrication, where lithography and etching can be used to prepattern metal electrodes. Subsequent deposition of CEP by electrochemical polymerization produces the CEP microdevice.129... 

Platinum group organometallic pincer complexes as sensors, switches, and catalysts 01AG(E)3750. 

Many fluorescence sensors are based, not on direct fluorescence, but on the quenching of fluorescence. Molecular oxygen, for example, is one of the best col-lisional quenchers. Oxygen can quench the fluorescence from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons complexes of ruthenium, osmium, iridium, and platinum and a number of surface-adsorbed heterocyclic molecules. An oxygen sensor can be made by immobilizing the fluorophore in a thin layer of silicone on the end of a fiber-optic bundle. Sensors for SO-, haliilcs, H-O-, and several other molecules have been ba.sed on fluorescence quenching. 

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