Plate tests applications

Both self-heating and self-ignition characteristics are commonly determined by adiabatic tests (self-heating) and hot-plate tests (self-ignition). These tests are limited in their applicability because they do not fully simulate the plant conditions. 

ISO 732324 specifies a parallel plate test based on the Williams plastimeter with plates 4 cm in diameter. The test piece is 2.00 0.02 cm3 in volume and can conveniently be a cylinder 16 mm diameter and 10 mm thick. As discussed above, a close tolerance on volume is necessary for this type of plastimeter. The test piece is preheated for 15 min (the temperature of test is usually 70°C or 100°C) and compressed under a force of 49N. The thickness of the compressed test piece is measured in mm and this value multiplied by 100 quoted as the plasticity number. The preferred time of application of the force is 3 min. The correction to the standard in 2003 was to change the tolerance on the force from 0.05N to 0.5N. 

A flyer plate technique applicable to gap tests is used at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. In this technique metal foils exploded by the high energy discharge of a capacitor bank are used to propel plastic flyers. It is illustrated in Fig 15 (Ref 57)... 

These tests can also be used to study the effect of the test liquid on the bonding of polyurethane to a reinforcing plate. In applications such as tank and pipe lining, the complete and correct bonding to the substrate is of vital importance. 

Ki inhibition constant EDS0 effective dose necessary to elicit a 50% effect in mice after s.c. administration HP hot-plate test TF tail-flick test PPQ paraphenylquinone writhing test - not applicable... 

Plate bearing test and Screw plate test Sand and clay Deformation modulus Modulus of subgrade reaction Bearing capacity Strictly applicable only if the deposit is uniform size effects must be considered in other cases ASTM D 1994-72 BS 5930 (1999)-Cl 25.6... 

The gas-phase microreactor can be used on the laboratory scale under maximum conditions of 3 bar and 500 °C. It is made up of a stack of stainless-steel micro-structured plates that are arranged for counter-flow or co-current flow practice. Already tested applications of this reactor include the dehydration of 2-propanol [109]. 

The bark EO of Vanillosmopsis arborea Baker (Asteraceae) exhibited potent antinociceptive activities. The topical pretreatment with the EO at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg decreased the symptoms of both phases of the formalin test. It also decreased the number of eye wipes induced by 5 M NaCl solution, topically applied. The oral application of the EO also reduced the number of eye wipes (Inocencio et al., 2014). Maham et al. (2014) evaluated the antinociceptive effects of the EO of Artemisia dracunculus L. (Asteraceae). It showed signi cant reduction of pain on both phases of the formalin test by 91.4% and 83.3%, respectively. Also in the hot plate test, the EO showed good analgesic activity. The EO of Centipeda minima (L.) A. Braun and Asch. (Asteraceae) was also tested for its antinociceptive effects using the hot plate test. The EO showed signi cant reduction of pain induced by hot plate (Zhang et al., 2013). 

This empirical rule seems to hold up quite well for most polymers. Using this rule, it is possible to determine viscosity data up to 500 s with a cone and plate rheometer by applying an oscillatory motion to the cone. This would be impossible if a steady rotational motion was applied to the cone. In steady shear measurements on a cone and plate rheometer, the maximum shear rate that can be measured is around 1 s, which is much too low for applications to extrusion problems. The same is true for measurements in the parallel plate test geometry. Thus, the dynamic measurement extends the shear rate measurement range considerably, while still being able to take advantage of the cone and plate geometry. 

The calculated relationships were also tested experimentally on 10 x 20 cm silica gel 60 HPTLC plates. A test sample containing 1 mg/ml each of saccharose, glucose, and fructose was spotted 17 times on a plate. The application volume was 200 nL, and more than one plate had been prepared. Plates were developed once, according to our experiences from previous work (23). The diameters of the spots were between 2.5-3.0 mm. Spots were scanned in the transmission mode. Each spot was measured several times, with constant slit width of 0.2 mm and with the slit length varying between... 

A conductor has a resistivity on the order of p < 10, whereas an insulator has a p > 10. Another electrical property is the dielectric strength, which is a measure of when the structure of an insulator breaks down. In the ASTM test D149, this property is measured by placement of a thin specimen between two steel plates and application of a voltage across the thickness of the specimen. 

Computed radiography with Luminescence Imaging Plates (IP) has become a routine method in medical applications. It is a new medium for filmless radiography. Since the last five years several tests were performed to check this method for industrial NDT [1-3]. ASTM already issued a proposal for a standard. 

More accurate measurement of air flow can be achieved with nozzles or orifice plates. In such cases, the measuring device imposes a considerable resistance to the air flow, so that a compensating fan is required. This method is not applicable to an installed system and is used mainly as a development tool for factory-built packages, or for fan testing. Details of these test methods will be found in BS.1042, BS.2852, and ASHRAE 16-83. 

In this study, we developed microchannel PrOx reactor to control CO outlet concentrations less than 10 ppm from methanol steam reformer for PEMFC applications. The reactor was developed based on our previous studies on methanol steam reformer [5] and the basic technologies on microchaimel reactor including design of microchaimel plate, fabrication process and catalyst coating method were applied to the present PrOx reactor. The fabricated PrOx reactor was tested and evaluated on its CO removal performance. 

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