Luminescence imaging

Industrial Application of Computed Radiography with Luminescence Imaging Plates. 

Computed radiography with Luminescence Imaging Plates (IP) has become a routine method in medical applications. It is a new medium for filmless radiography. Since the last five years several tests were performed to check this method for industrial NDT [1-3]. ASTM already issued a proposal for a standard. 

Marriott, G., Heidecker, M., Diamandis, E. P. and Yan-Marriott, Y. (1994). Time-resolved delayed luminescence image microscopy using an europium ion chelate complex. Biophys. J. 67, 957-65. 

In luminescent microscope, light from the ultraviolet source (UV source) excites the fluorescence of the object, the luminescent image might be catched... 

Figure 2 Effect of enzyme immobilization on luminescent image spatial resolution evaluated using coupled enzymatic reactions on nylon net as a model system, (a) Immobilized 3a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (b) immobilized 3a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and FMN-NADH oxidoreductase (c) immobilized 3a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, FMN-NADH oxidoreductase, and bacterial luciferase. (From Ref. 47. Copyright John Wiley Sons Ltd. Reproduced with permission.)...

Abstract Quantum clusters of gold are materials with a core dimension in the subnanometer regime. They exhibit a totally different chemistry when compared with the metallic nanoparticles. In this chapter, we present this new family of materials. Various approaches used for the synthesis of both water and organic soluble clusters are described. After reviewing the various properties of these clusters with special reference to their luminescent properties, we look at their bio-labeling applications. We hope that this chapter initiates the reader into a new family of materials in the context of luminescence imaging and other purposes. 

The luminescent images were recorded by the Luminescent Image Analyzer LAS3000 (Fig. la). 

Fig. 9. Microscope luminescence imaging of a model system consisting of oxirane acrylic beads (diameter < 250 pm) containing [Eu(HL)]+ or fluorescein. The left panel shows the prompt fluorescence image and the right panel the TR luminescence image. The figures represent the average luminescence intensities measured for each bead. Reprinted with permission from...

Nagl S (2004) Quantitative determination of proteins on microarrays by time-resolved luminescent imaging. Diploma thesis, University of Regensburg... 

Li and co-workers reported the two cyclometallated iridium(III) complexes [Ir(dfpy)2(bpy)]+ and [Ir(dfpy)2(quqo)]+ (41) which emit strongly in the green (kem = 530 nm) and red (A,em = 643 nm), respectively, in DMSO/phosphate buffer solution (pH 7,1 49, v/v) [82], Incubation of HeLa cells with 20 pM of either complex in DMSO/PBS (pH 7, 1 49, v/v) leads to intense intracellular luminescence (kem = 512 and 617 nm, respectively). The exclusive staining in cytoplasm, low cytotoxicity, and reduced photobleaching of the two iridium(III) complexes render them promising candidates for luminescent imaging agents. 

FIGURE 64 (A) Confocal luminescence images of cells stained with mPEG modified LaF3 20%Yb,l%Ho NCs (lex = 980 nm). (B) Bright-field... 

FIGURE 66 (A) Principle and confocal luminescence images of the up-conversion... 

Fig. 27. Top left image of the device. Inset luminescence image of microwires. Top right I-V curves of microwires produced by slow evaporation (red line) and dip-and-pull approach (black line). Bottom left schematic diagram of the device used for the detection of light. Bottom right photocurrent of the device (excitation wavelength 450 nm), which can be switched on/off rapidly by illumination under voltage bias of 0.5 V. Reproduced with the permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry 244).

Porphyrin is one of the most widely studied macrocyclic systems suitable for complexation with lanthanide(III) ions. Porphyrins can absorb strongly in the UV-vis region so as to serve as efficient photo-sensitizers, making lanthanide(III)porphyrinate complexes ideal candidates for luminescence imaging agents. Indirect excitation of porphyrin antenna chromopheres in close proximity to lanthanide ions can make the energy in the triplet state of the porphyrin ligand transfer efficiently to the excited state of the lanthanide ion so as to sensitize the lanthanide luminescence, particularly NIR emission. 

Faulkner, S., Pope, S.J.A., and Burton-Pye, B.P. (2005) Lanthanide complexes for luminescence imaging applications. Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 40, 1. 

Figure 13.22 Luminescence image of NIH/3T3 cells loaded with Eu-50 (500 p,M, 1 h) in DMEM = 450 30mn Lem = 510 25mn). Scale bar lOttm [69]. (Reproduced with permission from J. Yu et al, A europium complex that selectively stains nucleoli of cells, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 128, 2294-2300, 2006. 2006 American Chemical Society.)...

Figure 13.27 (Top) Luminescence images of HeLa cells loaded with different concentrations of [Eu2(L62)3] in RPMI-1640 for 7h at 37°C. (Lex = 330nm, Xem >585nm, exposure time 60s). (Middle) Images of HeLa cells loaded with 250 p.M [Eu2(L62)3] (5h at 37°C, exposure time 10 s), then incubated with 40mgmL acridine orange (Xex = 450 90 nm Xem = 515-565 nm, exposure time 10 ms) in PBS (5 min at room temperature). (Bottom) Co-localization experiments cells loaded with 250 p.M [Eu2(L62)3] and 15 mgmL BIODIPY PL LDL (0.5 h, Xex = 470 nm, 2 s exposure time) [77]. (Reproduced from E. Deiters et al., Effect of the length of polyoxyethylene substituents on luminescent bimetallic lanthanide bioprobes, New Journal of Chemistry, 32, 1140-1152, 2008, by permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) for the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the RSC.)...

In addition. Yuan and coworkers described spherical silica-based luminescent europium nanoparticles with a uniform size of about 10 nm in diameter [87]. Interestingly, the nanoparticles can be excited over a wavelength range from the UV to visible light (200 50 nm) in aqueous solution, and could be used for time-resolved luminescence imaging of an environmental pathogen, Giardia lamblia. 

Figure 13.43 In vivo upconversion luminescence imaging of subcutaneous HeLa tumor-bearing athymic nude mice (right hind leg) after intravenous injection of (A) UCNPS-NH2 or (B) UCNPs-FA. All images were acquired under the same instrumental conditions (power density approximately 120 mW cm on the surface of the mouse) [129]. (Reproduced from fiiomafen a/i, 30, L.Q. Xiong ef a/., Synthesis, characterization, and in vivo targeted imaging of amine-functionalized rare-earth up-converting nanophosphors, 5592-5600, 2009, with permission from Elsevier.)...

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