Plastics, as construction materials

The increasing use of plastics as construction materials has led to a renewed interest in decorative finishes for plastic products. There are a wide variety of secondary operations that can be used for adding decoration to molded parts. Progress is also being made in providing decorative surfaces in the mold itself. The first use of this is in woodlike panels for wall decoration and furniture parts such as cabinet doors. 

The possibility of use of plastics as construction materials for apparatus, because of moderate process conditions-minimization of corrosion and capital costs... 

Dutta P K and Lampo R G (1993), Behaviour of fibre-reinforced plastics as construction materials in extreme environments, in Third (1993) International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Singapore The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, 339-344. 

Finally, for practical reasons it is useful to classify polymeric materials according to where and how they are employed. A common subdivision is that into structural polymers and functional polymers. Structural polymers are characterized by - and are used because of - their good mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. Hence, they are primarily used as construction materials in addition to or in place of metals, ceramics, or wood in applications like plastics, fibers, films, elastomers, foams, paints, and adhesives. Functional polymers, in contrast, have completely different property profiles, for example, special electrical, optical, or biological properties. They can assume specific chemical or physical functions in devices for microelectronic, biomedical applications, analytics, synthesis, cosmetics, or hygiene. 

Source Plastics and Elastomers as Construction Materials in the Chemical and Fertiliser Industry, unpublished report by MIL Industries Ltd., Chennai, India and Societe Chemie de Gerland France. ... 

Almost all metals are used in the manufacture of Interpack packing units (Fig. 355) which are available in sizes 10/10/0.3 20/25/0.4 and 30/35/0.8 mm [132], They are characterized by a relatively small pressure drop. Plastics are under consideration as constructional material. 

The next step is to consider the several processes that might be appropriate. Later in this chapter, you will find descriptions of many processes, some of which wiU be worth considering. But you must realize that finding a process that wiU be compatible to your part requirements as well as to the materials you have tentatively selected is not always easy. Compromises are often made at this stage—compromises in your design, your requirements, and your materials. (In some cases, you may decide not to use plastics as your material of construction )... 

Whilst polyamides obtained by the ROP of lactams, and preferably of e-caprolactam, are considered to belong to commodity plastics , their physico-mechanical and chemical properties define them more as construction materials . The primary advantage of the anionic mechanism (as discussed in this chapter) is that it allows the polymerization of e-caprolactam to be carried out below the melting temperature of the resultant polymer. Since, in the case of PA 6 this leads to a decrease in unreacted monomer content to less than 2 wt% of the product, it is not necessary to further reduce such content by final extraction. A second advantage of the process is the rate at which equilibrium is reached, as this can be adjusted to within a few minutes by using a two-component initiation system. 

Thus, carrying out tests of the samples shows that the acoustic emission method is quite effective at the quality estimation of carbon plastic and its adhesive joints. Depending on the chosen diagnostic diagram of the construction material loading, the criteria parameters are K, S or AS (a C). 

In contrast, most equipment can safely tolerate higher degrees of heat density than those defined for personnel. However, if anything vulnerable to overheating problems is involved, such as low melting point construction materials (e.g., aluminum or plastic), heat-sensitive streams, flammable vapor spaces, or electrical equipment, then the effect of radiant heat on them may need to be evaluated. When this evaluation is required, the necessary heat balance is performed to determine the resulting surface temperature, for comparison with acceptable temperatures for the equipment. 

Ducts are most often constructed of field-fabricated galvanized sheet steel, although other materials such as fibrous glass board, factory-fabricated round fibrous glass, spiral sheet metal, and flexible duct materials are becoming increasingly popular. Other duct construction materials include black steel, aluminum, stainless steel, plastic and plastic-coated steel, cement, asbestos, and copper. 

From a practical review, perhaps it can be stated that buildings and construction materials are exposed to the most severe environments on earth, particularity when the long time factor is included. The environments include such conditions as temperature, ultraviolet, wind, snow, corrosion, hail, wear and tear, etc. Basically the following inherent potentials continue to be realized in different plastics ease of maintenance, light weight, flexibility of component design, combine with other materials, corrosion/abrasion/weather resistance, variety of colors and decorative appearance, multiplicity of form, ease of fabrication by mass production techniques, and total cost advantages (combinations of base materials, manufacture and installation). 

Municipal waste (MW) Always relevant except intermediates only use in processing aids Articles waste for recycling (RW -solid) Relevant if substance is induded in aifides of glass, paper, plastics, rubber, metal, construction material or in specific articles (cars. EEE etc ) Hazardous waste (HW) Substances as such or in chemical products, liquid wastes for recycling... 

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