Fertiliser Industry

G. Hoffmeister and G. H. Megar, "Use of Urea iu Bulk Blends," Proceedings of the 25th Finnual Meeting of the Fertiliser Industry Round Table, Washington, D.C., 1975, pp. 212-226. 

The Fertiliser Industry—The Key to WorldFood Supplies, International Fertilizer Industry Association, Paris, 1986. 

Under the pressure of progressively more stringent government regulations with regard to permissible levels of residual NH3 and urea content in wastewaters, the fertiliser industry made an effort to improve wastewater treatment (see also Water, sewage). 

However, the fact that fluorides are (i) associated with the application of some phosphate fertilisers that many leach into surface waters and shallow ground water and (ii) by-product of the phosphate fertiliser industry which are the primary sources of fluoride pollution call upon the need of receptors that are able to interact with both anions. Calix[4]pyrrole and most of the derivatives have... 

Fluorine is widely distributed in nature [1] and it is estimated that, among the elements, fluorine is about thirteenth in abundance. Phosphate rock, which is processed on a multimillion-ton scale as raw material for the fertiliser industry, contains as much as 3.8% of fluorine and is a very rich source of the element. However, the fluorine recovered from this process as fluorosilicic acid is still not a commercially competitive source of fluorine compared with fluorspar (CaF2), although reserves of the latter are said to be limited and it is expected that use of fluoride in phosphate rocks will eventually be increased. 

The growth in world population necessitated the increased use of fertilisers to augment increased supply of food. In the fertiliser industry the manufacturing process involves the use of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid. The plant, equipment and piping system that come into contact with the acids must be dependably protected against the corrosive attack. Rubber as a construction material is well able to satisfy the variety of requirements on it in this area, which are [9] ... 

The resistance of certain rubbers to liquid ammonia with a boiling point of - 33 to 35 °C, which is widely used in fertiliser industry are ... 

Wear can be described as an undesirable deformation of the surface of an object, moving or fixed part of the equipment by way of removal of small particles due to mechanical action such as abrasion, impact, friction, etc. In addition to the mechanical reasons, deformation could arise due to chemical action such as in the case of impellers in the fertiliser industries which are exposed to the reacting phosphoric acid fumes containing dust particles of phosphates. 

Source Plastics and Elastomers as Construction Materials in the Chemical and Fertiliser Industry, unpublished report by MIL Industries Ltd., Chennai, India and Societe Chemie de Gerland France. ... 

Roy GS, Poricha RR. 1982. Ammonia nitrogen in fertiliser industry effluents — present status. 

Table 17 gives a bieakdown of ammonia uses in the United States for 1986. The primary use is in the fertiliser industry which also determines ammonia demand. 

H. Ginet, WorldFertilie r Consumption Statistics 1984/85 to 1986/87, International Fertiliser Industry Association, Limited, Paris, 1987. 

These are used in phosphatic fertiliser industries where silica/other particulate matter tend to deposit on the walls of the tower. Polypropylene and HOPE can be considered as MOC. The pipes and valves shall be pressure tested before installation. 

Liebig s experiments on artificial manures laid the foundation of the modern fertiliser industry.His experiments in 1845-9 artificial manures on a piece of infertile land in Giessen showed that the improvement was very slow and the cost of the mineral manures greater than that of an equal area of... 

The commercial production of orthophosphates and polyphosphates, particularly the sodium, ammonium and calcium salts, together with phosphoric acid, greatly exceeds that of aU other compounds of phosphorus. The lion s share of these is used by the fertiliser industry, but detergents, animal foodstuffs, metal treatments and human food products are also major consumers. 

Jaw crusher is useful for crushing lumps of rock phosphate, lime stone required in fertiliser industries, waste treatment etc. They use compressive force between two... 

V. Vek and P. Kyril, Second Generation of Radial Flow Converters in Ammonia Synthesis, Fertiliser Industry Annual Review XI, p. 89 (1988). 

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