Plasticizers terminology

W. Glenz, A Glossary of Plastics Terminology in Five Languages, 2nd edn, Carl Hanser, Munich (1993)... 

Glenz W (1993) A glossary of plastics terminology in five languages, 2nd edn. Hanser, Munich Kricheldorf HR (ed) (1992) Handbook of polymer synthesis, parts A and B. Marcel Dekker, New York/Basel/Hong Kong... 

A glossary of plastics terminology in five languages, 5th edn. Hanser-Gardner Publications Inc., Cinicinnati. 

These ambiguities eventuady led the Federal Trade Commission to take action ia the case of cedular plastics and to restrict the use of such terminology (3). This action, ia addition to the prohibition placed on the use of certain terminology, requires the use of a caveat whenever the results of burning tests are cited. Much of the older Hterature, however, as wed as some of the more recent pubHcations, use this restricted terminology. 

Different terms are used when discussing the subject of designing with plastics. Many of them could be repeated in this book. To eliminate repeating the same definition the Appendix B TERMINOLOGY has been prepared. Where it is important to describe a term in the text, its definition is only used in the text. The INDEX includes the definitions in the text. 

With regard to the common European market, the European Economic Community (EEC) has undertaken numerous activities concerned with materials and material information systems. In one demonstration program for material databases eleven such databases from various countries in the EEC are being cooperatively developed with joint standards for terminology, data presentation, database access, and the user interface of search commands, aids, and menus. For the materials class of plastics, Polymat was selected to participate in this cooperative work. Interesting developments occur from which the users of central material databases in the entire EEC area can benefit. 

To compile the definitions, a number of sources have been used. A number of the definitions were adapted from an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) manuscript on Plastics Vocabulary [1]. Where possible, the names for properties, their definitions and the symbols for linear viscoelastic properties were checked against past compilations of terminology [2-6]. Other documents consulted include ASTM publications [7-13]. 

Jr, A.K. Behlert E. Jercerzewski, Plastic Bonded Explosives for Use in Ammunition , PATM 2-2-62 (1962) 11) Anon, Terminology... 

The terminology of the elements suffuses our language, sometimes divorced from the questions of composition to which it once referred. Plumbing today is more likely to be made from plastic pipes than from the Romans (lead) the lead in pencils is no such thing. Cadmium Red paints often contain no cadmium at all. Tin cans have no more than the thinnest veneer of metallic tin it is too valuable for more. The American nickel contains relatively little of that metal. And when was the last time that a Frenchman s pocketful of jingling argent made of real silver ... 

Turning to the low temperature transition of the homopolymer of PHBA at 350 °C, it is generally accepted that the phase below this temperature is orthorhombic and converts to an approximate pseudohexagonal phase with a packing closely related to the orthorhombic phase (see Fig. 6) [27-29]. The fact that a number of the diffraction maxima retain the sharp definition at room temperature pattern combined with the streaking of the 006 line suggests both vertical and horizontal displacements of the chains [29]. As mentioned earlier, Yoon et al. has opted to describe the new phase as a smectic E whereas we prefer to interpret this new phase as a one dimensional plastic crystal where rotational freedom is permitted around the chain axis. This particular question is really a matter of semantics since both interpretations are correct. Perhaps the more important issue is which of these terminologies provides a more descriptive picture as to the nature of the molecular motions of the polymer above the 350 °C transition. As will be seen shortly in the case of the aromatic copolyesters, similar motions can be identified well below the crystal-nematic transition. 

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