Plant food production

Sass RL, Cicerone RJ. Photosynthate allocations in rice plants food production or atmospheric methane Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2002 99 11993-11995. 

Multidimensional techniques are regularly used in analytical assessments of measurement data relating to the levels of chemical elements in the quality control of animal and plant food products. Chemometric interpretations have been obtained for the following animal products meat and meat products [316-318], fish [319-321], seafood [25, 322-328], milk and dairy products [329-332] and honey [333-339]. Similar interpretations have been obtained for the following plant products rice [143], cereals [340], vegetables [140, 341-346], fruit and fruit preserves [347], tea [155, 348-350], coffee [13, 155, 351, 352], mushrooms [26], fruit juices [141], confectionery [21, 353], nuts [354], wine [355-358], beer [66, 359] and other alcoholic beverages [159, 360, 361]. 

Usual dietary sources of vitamin B12 are animal food products (meat, milk, eggs, and shellfish), but not plant food products. To evaluate whether foods contain true vitamin B12 or inactive corrinoids, vitamin B12 compounds were purified and characterized using TLC on silica gel. The Rf values of the unknown vitamin B12 compound, purified from an algal health food (Spmilina tablets) were identical to those of pseudo vitamin B12 (Rf values 0.14 and 0.42), but not to those of vitamin Bi2 (or 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolyl cyanocobamide) (Rf values 0.23 and 0.56), benzimidazolyl cyanocobamide (Rf values 0.18 and 0.52), 5-dydroxybenzunida-zolyl cyanocobamide (Rf values 0.20 and 0.47), and p-cresolyl cyanocobamide (Rf values 0.38 and 0.62) by TLC on silica gel 60 with l-butanol-2-propanol-water (10 7 10 vol/vol) and 2-propanol-NH40H (28%)-water (7 1 2 vol/vol) as solvents, respectively. The results indicate that an inactive vitamin B12 compound (pseudovitamin B12) is predominant in Spirulina tablets. 

Even though essential oils are most commonly used in our everyday life as fragrance and flavoring materials, and are major components in fruits, vegetables, beans and other plant food products, the actual role in the maintenance of our health is still under investigation. A significant difficulty in the study of the biologically active essential oils is that the... 

Information based on MacKenzie, S.L. 1999. Molecular Biotechnology for Plant Food Production, Paredes-Lopez, O., Ed., Basel Technomic, 525-620 Kinney, A.J. 1994. Curr. Opin. Bioteclmol., 5, 144-151 Dehesh, K. et al. 2001. Lipids, Fats, and Oils Reality and Public Perception, September 16-20, 2001, Berlin, Germany. 

MacKenzie, S.L. 1999. Chemistry and engineering of edible oils and fats, in Molecular Biotechnology for Plant Food Production, Paredes-Lopez, O., Ed., Basel Technomic, 525-620. 

Lacaille-Dubois MA (2005) Bioactive saponins from plants recent developments. In Yaniv Z, Bachrach U (eds) Handbook of medicinal plants. Food Products Press (FPP)/The Haworth Medical Press (HMP), New York, pp 399-428, Chapter 19... 

Stan, H. J., and Wippo, U. (1996). Pesticide residue analysis in plant food products by TLC with automated multiple development. GIT Fachz. Lab. 40 855-858. 

Moledina, K.H. and Fhnk, J.M., Determination of ascorbic acid in plant food products by high performance hquid chromatography, Lebensm. Wiss. (Inters. Technol, 15, 351-358, 1982. 

Reverse osmosis is used for desalination of seawater, treatment of recycle water in chemical plants and separation of industrial wastes. More recently the technique has been applied to concentration and dehydrogenation of food products such as milk and fruit juices. See ultrafiltralion. 

Withdrawal from anaboHc steroid treatment is not required before slaughter because residue levels in edible tissues are negligible, and are significantly lower than other sources of estradiol such as the normal endogenous production in humans and the phytoestrogens consumed in plant food sources (1). 

The creation of sugar in the leaves of natural plants is considered the most efficient way of capturing solar energy. Table 1 illustrates the area of land needed to capture 27.7 x 10 kj (6.61 x 10 kcal) of solar energy (2) in various food products. 

Plant nutrient sulfur has been growing in importance worldwide as food production trends increase while overall incidental sulfur inputs diminish. Increasing crop production, reduced sulfur dioxide emissions, and shifts in fertilizer sources have led to a global increase of crop nutritional sulfur deficiencies. Despite the vital role of sulfur in crop nutrition, most of the growth in world fertilizer consumption has been in sulfiir-free nitrogen and phosphoms fertilizers (see Fertilizers). 

As wilh food plants, so also with medicinal plants, it is not possible to cultivate them vvillioul making use of plant protection products because of the expense, organic cultivation is only possible on a small scale (in a garden) - or one accepts the risk of severe to very severe attacks by pests. 

Often, planar chromatography is used as a preparative step for the isolation of single components or classes of components for further chromatographic separation or spectroscopic elucidation. Many planar chromatographic methods have been developed for the analysis of food products, bioactive compounds from plant materials, and essential oils. 

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