Pipelines and hoses

Biocide should also he added to any water overlay and to water or diluted product left in mixing vessels, storage tanks, pipelines and hoses. 

Pipelines and hoses. Linked to the previous item is the undoubted fact that it is not at all uncommon for the plant to have excessively long and complicated runs of transfer pipelines with sharp bends and deadspots. This allows the accumulation of materials, water and product often diluted with wash water. Microbiological contamination of the then dilute dispersion can occur rapidly in such pipelines, which can easily become a source of inoculum for fresh product that is pumped through the system. Furthermore, flexible hoses used for transfer of product can, if improperly cleaned and stored, also become contaminated, again especially if diluted product, resulting from ineffective cleaning, accumulates. 

The fluoroelastomers possess good mbber properties with the added advantages of being nonburning, hydrophobic, and solvent- and fuel-resistant. In addition to these, because of flexibiHty down to about —60° C, these polymers have been used in seals, gaskets, and hoses in army tanks, in aviation fuel lines and tanks, as well as in cold-climate oil pipeline appHcations. These polymers have also found appHcation in various types of shock mounts for vibration dampening (14,17). 

Cutter-type samplers can be installed for low pressure pipelines and enclosed troughs. These samplers contain a movable cutter coimected to a flexible hose through which the sample is extracted. Such devices meet all three rules for good sampling they sample a moving stream, the sample is made... 

Preventive maintenance on vital equipment, such as tractor units, tanks, pumps, hoses, hard arms, pipelines, and mooring facilities, should be properly scheduled, carried out and documented. This program should be separate from the regulatory inspection. Verify from records. 

Ruptures Large releases of very low frequencies. Typically vessel, tank pipeline or hose failures from internal, external, or third party sources and fire conditions (i.e., BLEVE conditions). 

Constant supervision of wine tanks Prompt and current chemical analysis Organoleptic analysis before and after all wine transfers Sanitation of tanks, hoses, equipment, and pipelines on a rigid schedule Use of N2 and CO2 for oxygen control in bulk wine, in pipelines and in tanks... 

Rubber sheets are the most important materials for the construction and fabrication of much chemical plant equipment such as storage tanks, reactor vessels, pipelines, seals, hoses and rubber lined mild steel equipment of different sizes and shapes, inflatables, etc., and almost all equipment subjected to different corrosive environments. The rubber sheets can be either plain or fabrics coated with rubber. The fabrics used for coating are nylon, rayon, cotton or various other synthetics. Rubberized fabric cords are also used as reinforcing members in various products. 

The conveying characteristics for the oil well cement conveyed through the steel pipeline are presented in Fig. 15. Once again as wide a range of conveying conditions were investigated as possible. Similar sets of conveying characteristics were obtained for the barytes in the steel pipeline and for both materials in the rubber hose pipeline. The rubber hose was rated to a lObar capability. 

Fig. 2.10. Process layout of hose films with inhibiting varnish layer and their structure (a) polymer base, (b) jelly-like layer, (c) varnish layer. (1) extruder, (2) head, (3) annular slot, (4) and (5) compressed air main and channel, (6) heat-insulating pad, (7) and (8) pipeline and duct for inhibiting liquid, (9) and (10) pipeline and duct for inhibited varnish, (11) adjustable diaphragm table, (12) hose, (13) inhibiting liquid layer, (14) annular flow of varnish. (A—A) solidification hne of polymer melt...

Where flexibility is required in a pipeline and this cannot be conveniently achieved with a combination of straight pipe and bends, flexible hose can be used. Where a single line needs to feed into a number of alternative lines, and a flow diverter is not wanted to be used, a section of flexible hose of the steel braided type can be used to provide the link. 

Whether petrol, diesel and gas-fuelled machinery can be excluded from the space, control procedures for gas hoses and pipelines and measures to prevent static electricity build-up including earthing and bonding... 

Pipelines/hoses should be properly designed, of adequate strength and of good construction, from sound and suitable material, properly maintained, appropriately protected against impact and used only for intended materials. 

The main aspect of the job of the top floor person is to pump solvents or oil to various reactors and blenders. Instructions are issued on a job-card or by phone. The instructions are entered in a log book (which is kept by the top floor worker) and on a record card which has to be returned to the laboratory at the end of the shift. To prepare for pumping, protective clothing must be worn. After the required amoimt of solvent is set on the meter, the worker has to connect the meter and the pipeline with a hose and then open the valve on the pipeline (see Figure 7.10). Before starting the pump, the blender valve... 

Prepare charging manifold by carrying out the steps below in sequence 2.2.1 Select correct pipeline 2.2.2 Connect pump and pipeline by selecting the correct hose and making the coupling at the pipeline 2.2.3 Open pipeline valve at vessel bank... 

Pipeline (including valve. 34 Includes 1 sight-glass and 2 hoses... 

Experience has shown that the initial estimate of the total compressor capacity should include an allowance for leakage. Leakage in the pipelines can be overcome by proper installation practice. A large proportion of the total leakage occurs at hoses, couplings and valves. 

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