Pine pollen

Gumber, S.C., Loewus, M.W., and Loewus, F.A., 1984, myo-Inositol-1 -phosphate synthase from pine pollen Sulfhydryl involvement at the active site. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 231 ill-ill. 

Xylp-(1. .. side-chains mountain pine pollen 140... 

Common/vernacular names Buckwheat pollen, maize pollen, pollen, pollen pini, pollen typhae, puhuang, rape pollen, typha pollen, pine pollen, songhuafen, and so on. 

To collect typha and pine pollen, the male inflorescence or flower head is picked in spring or summer when the flowers just start to bloom. It is sun dried the pollen is then mechanically separated from the floral parts and other impurities. Major producers are northeastern provinces of China. 

Androgenic compounds occur in various plants. Celery stalks and parsnip roots contain trace amounts of androstenedione (Fig. 11.12), the same compound found in boar odor (Claus and Hoppen, 1979). Testosterone is also found in pollen of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris). 

A, Lycopodium spores and ragweed pollen on wheat stems (Aylor Ferrandino, 1985) , fly ash particles on steel fibres (Ellenbecker et al., 1980) O, polystyrene particles on pine needles (Little, 1979). 

Wind-pollinated, flowering plants are called Anemophilous) their pollen is dry and powdery, flowers inconspicuous and inodorous, as in the Pines, Wheat, Walnut, Hop, etc. 

Derivation Found in pancreas, clover, coffee plant, and pollen of pines prepared from yeast nucleic acid. 

The occurrence of brassinosteroids in gymnosperms has been reported from conifers. Yokota ef al. isolated typhasterol ( 2-deoxycastasterone ) from pollen of Japanese black pine ( Pinus thunbergii ) (38) and identified castasterone and typhasterol from shoots of sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis ) (39). Kim ef al. also identified castasterone and brassinolide from cambial scrapings of Scots pine (Pinus silverstris ), using a modified dwarf rice lamina inclination assay which showed a synergistic response of brassinosteroids with indole-3-acetic acid (40). 

Occurrence other than in man The spectrum of A. in vertebrates is, in principle, qualitatively the same as that in humans although there may be quantitative differences and differences with regard to biosynthetic and metabolic details. A. have also occasionally been isolated from plants as metabolites of steroidal secondary substances, e.g., testosterone and androstenedione from pollen of Scottish pine Pinus sylvestris (Pin-aceae) and rubrosterone (2/3,3/S,14a-trihydroxy-5)8-androst-7-ene-6,17-dione), a biological degradation product of an ecdysteroid from Achyranthes rubro-fusca (Amaranthaceae). 

Like other members of the genus Pinus, the haploid number of chromosomes is 12 in western white pine (Saylor and Smith, 1966). Chloroplasts are inherited predominantly paternally, while mitochondria are primarily inherited maternally, although some biparental inheritance of organelles can occur (White, 1990 Owens and Bruns, 2000). At the time of fertilisation, maternal plastids are excluded from the neocytoplasm but maternal mitochondria remain. Paternal chloroplasts and a small number of paternal mitochondria are released into the egg from the pollen tube with cytoplasm from the tube cell and generative cell. Maternal mitochondria migrate to and aggregate in the perinuclear zone at the time of fertilisation (Bmns and Owens, 2000). 

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