Pilot Plant Demonstration

A few examples will be given on the countercurrent dilute-phase G/S heat exchanger. 

To guard against incomplete reduction of ore fines which would be elutriated prematurely during preheating, the midsection combustion was adjusted to produce a mildly reducing flame containing approximately 4% 

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Atomic- Vapor Laser Isotope-Separation. Although the technology has been around since the 1970s, laser isotope separation has only recently matured to the point of industrialization. In particular, laser isotope separation for the production of fuel and moderators for nuclear power generation is on the threshold of pilot-plant demonstrations in several countries. In the atomic vapor laser isotope-separation (AVLIS) process, vibrationaHy cooled U metal atoms are selectively ionized by means of a high power (1—2 kW) tunable copper vapor or dye laser operated at high (kHz) repetition rates (51,59,60). 

All DAFs are similar to each other in terms of theory, principles, design, operation, and secondary flotation performance. The authors select the circular DAF process equipment manufactured by KEC for the purpose of feasibility studies. The users should contact more than one major DAF and DAFF manufacturers for appropriate pilot plant demonstrations and cost comparisons. Rectangular DAF and DAFF clarifiers are as good as circular DAF and DAFF clarifiers. 

Pilot-plant demonstration or scale-up test possibly needed. 

Operation of this pilot plant demonstrated that solid/gas biocatalysis was able to compete with classical esterification bioprocesses (systems working with hexane as solvent), reducing any potential risk to a minimum by virtue of the absence of any solvent and greatly simplifying the downstream process by reducing the volumes that have to be treated by distillation to obtain a pure product. 

Parker, E. G.., and Romanchuk, S., "Pilot Plant Demonstration of Zinc Sulphide Pressure Leaching , Lead-Zinc-Tin 80, Proceedings of World Symposium, 109 AIME Annual Meeting,... 

U.S. Army Belvoir Research Development Center (1984), "Pilot Plant Demonstration of a Sulfide Precipitation Process for Metal Finishing Hastewater Treatment."... 

Heliostats. The facility receives 3600 to 4000 hours of sunlight/year (9.8 to 10.9 hours/day). Construction of the 1818 heliostats for the pilot plant demonstrated that prototype designs can be successfully produced in volume quantities with conventional manufacturing techniques. Each... 

During two years of trial operation, the pilot plant demonstrated its suitability. Although the process can be considered proven, it is at present neither used by BASF, nor elsewhere in Germany, because the quantities of plastic waste and dump fee needed for the plant to be economically viable are not available in Germany (Figure 1.1). 

Figure S. Gas Chromatogram - Mass Spectrophotometry of extract product from Pulse Test 2.4. Sorbex Pilot Plant Demonstration... 

Pilot-plant demonstration or scale-up test possibly needed. Requires sufficient discharge pressure to provide adequate pressure drop (at least 10 psig) across sparger and to overcome static head of liquid in pool. 

Boyer JD. Ahiert RC. Kosson DS. 1988. Pilot plant demonstration of in-situ biodegradation of... 

The example described above indicates that a numbering-up microflow system consisting of several microtube reactors is quite effective for conducting radical polymerization. Precise temperature control by effective heat transfer, which is one of the inherent advantages of microflow systems, seems to be responsible for the effective control of the molecular-weight distribution. The data obtained with the continuous operation of the pilot plant demonstrate that the microflow system can be applied to relatively large-scale production, and speaks well for the potential of microchemical plants in the polymer industry. 

Table 2 shows typical performance parameters achieved in the pilot plant demonstration runs. 

V. Arregui. A. R. Gordon, and G, Steinveit. Pilot Plant Demonstration of Zinc Sulfide Pressure... 

In the 19S0s and early 1960s, when metal fuel was still being considered for power reactors, many pyrometallurgical processes were proposed and some were carried through pilot-plant demonstration. Subsequently, when it was realized that the susceptibility of metal fuel to radiation damage limited its usefulness in power reactors, these processes became of less practical importance. 

Then luck struck. A pilot plant demonstration of the process brought me to the United States, to the Paulsboro refinery of Socony-Mobil—the first refinery I every saw—and I was provided from there on with almost unlimited means both human and material. It took years of experimentation —and the decisive intervention of Sun Oil—to provide the engineers with... 

Pilot-plant demonstrations with a special catalyst in a completely captive fluid catalyst bed without regeneration have shown economic optimum yields of 60 per cent with ethylene at 4.5 cents per pound. At higher ethylene cost, yields can be boosted to 70 per cent. ... 

ANON, Pilot Plant Demonstration of Methanol Production Using the HYDROCARB Process with Biomass Feedstock, World Wide Web, http //es.inel.gov/new/funding/serdp/fy93en7.html, EnviroSense (1996). 

Pilot Plant demonstration, if required. All pilot plant activities involving the candidate product shall be in conformance with Procedure Number Pilot Plant 11, Qualifying for the R D Exemption at Pilot Plants if the candidate is not on the TSCA Inventory or if it is subject to aSNUR. 

Establish optimum conditions for SETT /hydrolysis of agents through laboratory tests, followed by pilot-plant demonstration. 

A pilot plant demonstration of the process involves construction of a mini plant that typically processes 5%-10% of the actual feed flow. This plant uses membrane modules of the same size as those in the full-scale plant. The plant is usually operated for a minimum of 6 months so that membrane performance, fouling, pretreatment requirements, and design data can be fully established. The testing should be carried out using the actual waste stream that will eventually be treated with a full-scale membrane treatment system. 

There are several alternative routes for the synthesis of chiral amino acids. Most are resolutions of a chemically prepared racemate, but there are also direct methods of synthesis from achiral precursors. On the large scale, both methods are represented, although some of the more complex processes probably remain as pilot-plant demonstrations rather than as important manufacturing processes. 

The BCI will change in the future if the TRL has changed, e.g., if a pilot plant, demonstration plant, and/or first-of-a-kind commercial plant will go into operation. The BCP shows the most relevant features contributing to the complexity of a biorefinery. 

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