Fungi phytopathogenic

A number of compounds of invention (95EUP658547) include derivatives 116 which have excellent fungicidal activity. They exert excellent preventive effects on various phytopathogenic fungi, which makes them useful as an agricultural/ horticultural fungicides. 

I refer, of course, to the toxins produced by phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. Considering the widespread damage which they cause, it is remarkable that so little is known about the chemistry of these substances. Perhaps the first toxin to receive detailed chemical examination was lycomarasmin (XIX) (36), an isolate from... 

Plants are continually exposed to a vast array of potential phytopathogenic fungi nevertheless, plants resist to most of them by blocking fungal development soon after penetration. Resistance against pathogens can be distinguished in resistance at the species level (non-host resistance) and resistance at the cultivar level (race-cultivar resistance). Plants lack a circulatory system and antibodies and have evolved a defense mechanism that is distinct from the vertebrate immune... 

A recent search for general and specific elicitors from L. maculans demonstrated that the phytotoxins sirodesmin PL (1) and deacetylsirodesmin PL (2) are general elicitors since both induced the production of phytoalexins in resistant brown mustard and in susceptible canola [31]. Furthermore, two specific elicitors, a mixture of cerebrosides C (13) and D (14), were reported from mycelia of liquid cultures of L. maculans virulent on canola (Fig. 9.5) [19]. Previously, cerebrosides C (13) and D(14) were reported from a number of phytopathogenic fungi and were reported to induce the production of phytoalexins in rice plants and disease resistance to the rice blast fungus [32]. 

Carmi R, Carmeli S, Levy E, Gough FJ (1994) (-t)-(5)-Dihydroaeruginoic Acid, an Inhibitor of Septoria tritici and other Phytopathogenic Fungi and Bacteria, Produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens. J Nat Prod 57 1200... 

Rost s, M., Simon, M. and Hilker, M. (2003). Ecological cross-effects of induced plant responses towards herbivores and phytopathogenic fungi. Basic and Applied Ecology 4 43-62. 

METABOLISM OF THE TOMATO SAPONIN a-TOMATINE BY PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI... 

Wide chemical variability without loss of biological properties --High efficacy against numerous phytopathogenic fungi —Systemic activity In some cases —Protective, curative and eradicative activity —Low application rates... 

Osbourn, A.E., Wubben, J.P., Daniels, M J. Saponin detoxification by phytopathogenic fungi. In Plant-Microbe Interactions Volume 2. Stacey, G, Keen, N.T. ed., New York Chapman and Hall, 1995a, pp. 99-124. Osbourn, A. Bowyer, P., Lunness, P., Clarke, B., Daniels, M. Fungal pathogens of oat roots and tomato leaves employ closely related enzymes to detoxify different host plant saponins. Mol Plant Microb Interact 1995b 8 971-978. 

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