Physician types

Once the value-added service has been designed, fees established, and the method(s) for compensation selected, the pharmacist must learn how to submit claims. When providers submit claims to Medicare, Medicaid, or any other third-party payers, the claim typically is submitted on the CMS Form 1500. One exception to this is the hospital outpatient clinic, which uses CMS Form 1450. On CMS Form 1500, information regarding the submitting entity, referring physician, type of services offered, and related health condition is included. To convey this type of information, CPT codes and ICD-9-CM codes are used. These coding systems provide detailed information regarding the types of services provided and the specific health condition in a numerical format. Example CMS 1500 and 1450 forms are available on the CMS Web site (www.CMS.hhs.gov). 

Potassium biduoride crystals may break down to a fine white powder that is readily airborne. In this form, the salt is quite irritating to the nasal passages, eyes, and skin. Therefore, the hands and eyes should be protected and acid dust masks should be worn while handling, as an acid duoride KHF2 can cause superficial hydroduoric acid-type bums. Areas of skin that have been in contact with potassium biduoride should be washed as soon as possible with mildly alkaline soaps or borax-containing hand cleaners. If there has been contact with the eyes, they should be washed well with water and a physician should be consulted. 

If the nurse is responsible for administering the medication by nebulization, it is important to place the patient in a location where he can sit comfortably for 10 to 15 minutes. The compressor is plugged in and the medication mixed as directed, or the prepared unit dose vial is emptied into the nebulizer. Different types of medication are not mixed without checking with the physician or the pharmacist. The mask or mouthpiece is assembled and the tubing connected to the compressor. The patient is placed in a comfortable, upright position with the mask over the nose and mouth. The mask must fit properly so that the mist does not flow up into the eyes. If using a mouthpiece instead of a mask, have the patient place the mouthpiece into the mouth. The compressor is turned on and the patient instructed to take slow, deep breaths. If possible, the patient should hold his breath for 10 seconds before slowly exhaling. The treatment is continued until the medication chamber is empty. After treatment, the mask is washed with hot, soapy water, rinsed well, and allowed to air dry. 

Uses—the more common uses of the drug class or type are provided. No unlabeled or experimental uses of drug s are given in the text (unless specifically identified as an unlabeled use) because these uses are not approved by the FDA. Students should be reminded that, under certain circumstances, some physicians may prescribe drags for a condition not approved by the FDA or may prescribe an experimental drag. 

Expert opinion is a source, frequently elicited by survey, that is used to obtain information where no or few data are available. For example, in our experience with a multicountry evaluation of health care resource utilization in atrial fibrillation, very few country-specific published data were available on this subject. Thus the decision-analytic model was supplemented with data from a physician expert panel survey to determine initial management approach (rate control vs. cardioversion) first-, second-, and third-line agents doses and durations of therapy type and frequency of studies that would be performed to initiate and monitor therapy type and frequency of adverse events, by body system and the resources used to manage them place of treatment and adverse consequences of lack of atrial fibrillation control and cost of these consequences, for example, stroke, congestive heart failure. This method may also be used in testing the robustness of the analysis [30]. 

The current implementation of the UltraLink uses a centralized set of terminologies, concepts, and rules, which may not correspond to the needs of every user. To further increase the flexibility of the expert system, we will implement a personalized version of the UltraLink. This should allow users to personalize the terminology, concepts, relationships, and rules used to identify typed entities and thereby create the UltraLinks best suited for their daily work. This will also enable us to design precustomized UltraLinks specifically tuned for chemists, biologists, and physicians. 

Assess the patient s symptoms to determine if patient-directed therapy is appropriate or whether the patient should be evaluated by a physician. Determine type and... 

Assess the patient s symptoms to determine if selftreatment is appropriate or evaluation by a physician is necessary. Determine type of symptoms, frequency (seasonal or chronic), and precipitating triggers. Does the patient have any AR-related complications (e.g., nasal polyposis, sinusitis, or otitis media) ... 

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