PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM

The principal physical properties of unalloyed aluminium are listed in Table A.2.1. 

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Table3.1-1 i- Examples for physical properties of aluminium alloys [1.9] ...

E. Richter, E. Hanitzsch Elastic modulus and other 1.50 physical properties of aluminium-base materials. 

The physical properties of the newer alloys have been well documented (see bibliography). Essentially, they lie between those of Alloy 5 (Alloy B) and of Alzen 305 in Table 4.31, broadly in relation to their aluminium content. The mechanical properties vary considerably according to the method... 

The metals most used for corrosion protection by metal spraying are aluminium and zinc, both of which are anodic to steel in most environments. Physical properties of these coatings are shown in Table 12.6. 

PRINCIPLES OF APPLYING COATINGS BY METAL SPRAYING Table 12.6 Physical properties of sprayed zinc and sprayed aluminium... 

Smith, H. jr., and R. R. Miller Some Physical Properties of Diborane, Pentaborane and Aluminium Borohydride. T. Amer. chem. Soc. 72,1452 (1950). 

Aluminium hydroxide is essentially non-toxic, but does require high addition levels to be effective. As a result, the physical properties of the compound usually suffer. Its fire retardancy action results from the endothermic reaction which releases water under fire conditions and produces a protective char . The endothermic reaction draws heat from the rubber/filler mass and thus reduces the thermal decomposition rate. The water release dilutes the available fuel supply, cooling the rubber surface and mass. 

Nitric acid is a colourless liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. It is soluble in water in all proportions and there is a release of heat of solution upon dilution. This solubility has tended to shape the process methods for commercial nitric acid manufacture. It is a strong acid that almost completely ionizes when in dilute solution. It is also a powerful oxidizing agent with the ability to passivate some metals such as iron and aluminium. A compilation of many of the physical and chemical properties of nitric acid is presented in Table A.1 of Appendix A. Arguably the most important physical property of nitric acid is its azeotropic point, this influences the techniques associated with strong acid production. The constant-boiling mixture occurs at 121.9°C, for a concentration of 68.4%(wt) acid at atmospheric pressure. 

The French Aeronautical Specifications (8th April, 1919) prescribe the following methods for determining the physical and mechanical properties of aluminium and its alloys. 

Sol-gel chemistry offers flexible methods for the preparation of porous metal oxides such as the transition aluminas used as catalyst supports. The physical properties of sol-gel materials depend on the nature of the reactants, the rate of mixing and the conditions of drying. High surface area aluminas have been prepared from various alkoxide and salt solutions and their textures have been examined extensively. The interest in the use of these chemically prepared materials is largely for catalyst and absorbent applications [1]. The first user of alkoxide precursor was Teichner who prepared pure aluminas by the water vapour action on aluminimn methoxide [2] and reported materials with surface area of 200 m /g. Harris and Sing [3] reported gels prepared from aluminium isopropoxide with water and... 

Many studies have appeared dealing with the properties of crosslinked polymer systems. These include adhesion of epoxy-acrylates onto tin-plate, adhesion of isocyanate and epoxy-resin coatings, adhesion of butadiene-acrylate rubbers onto metals, glass, and ceramics, adhesion of acrylic, thiol, and polyester resins to aluminium bodies, and the mechanical and physical properties of photo-crosslinkable poly(vinyl cinnamate), vinyl-divinyl copolymers,polythiols, acrylates, epoxies, and thiols,epoxy resins, polyesters on wood, ... 

However, on application of this calculation in practice, account must be taken of the fact that only part of the electrical energy supplied to the electric furnace will be transferred to the aluminium. An appreciable part of the energy output is transmitted to the surroundings as heat. In addition the duration of the heating process depends on the heat transfer rate, which depends on the construction of the furnace and on the geometrical and physical properties of the body being heated. Hence, the energy requirements and power outputs calculated are minimum values and serve as a reference point. 

Thermal and mechanical treatments have a great influence on the properties of aluminium and its alloys. Moreover these treatments influence some physical properties, for example the electrical conductivity. Thus these treatments are used to obtain a material with an optimum of properties required. 

The lowest-cost additive is aluminium trihydrate, which finds its largest application in polymers processed at low temperatures, such as epoxy resins, unsaturated polyesters, polyethylene, and PVC. High loadings are required, which can affect the physical properties of the polymer. Chlorinated paraffins offer low cost and application in all polymers that are processed at less than 240°C. Bromine, on a weight for weight basis, is a more effective FR but. on cost/ performance, chlorinated paraffins can be more effective than aromatic bromines. 

Kehoe, F.P. and Chadwick, G.A. (1991) Mechanical and physical properties of squeeze-cast aluminium steel matrix composites containing 5%-30% Saffil. Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 135,209-212. 

Table A.3.5. Physical properties of the most important aluminium casting alloys...

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