Phospholipid degradation

Free fatty acid release during cerebral ischemia is a complex process that includes the activation of signaling cascades. In addition to cPLA2, these cascades probably involve the simultaneous and/or sequential activation of other phospholipid degradation pathways and the... 

Peptideglycan biosynthesis Metabolism of Complex Lipids Glycerolipid metabolism Inositol phosphate metabolism Sphingophospholipid biosynthesis Phospholipid degradation Sphingoglycolipid metabolism Prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism... 

Relative importance of covalent binding and lipid peroxidation in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver toxicity role of cell calcuim, protein and phospholipid degradation development of treatments/ antidotes. 

Homayoun P., Rodriguez de Turco E. B., Parkins N. E., Lane D. C., Soblosky J., Carey M. E., and Bazan N. G. (1997). Delayed phospholipid degradation in rat brain after traumatic brain injury. J. Neurochem. 69 199-205. 

Shelf life Shelf-life issues that need to be addressed include avoidance of pre-administration leakage of the liposome-associated drug (retention loss), size stability (occurrence of fusion or aggregation) and phospholipid degradation (occurrence of peroxidation and hydrolysis). 

Deeth, H.C. 1983. Phospholipid degradation by phospholipases of some psychrotrophic bacteria. In Fats for the Future. Proc. Int. Conf. Oils Fats Waxes, 132-135, Duromark Publications, Auckland. 

Interest in DG as a product of phospholipid degradation was stimulated by the discovery in the early 1980s of a phospholipid-dependent DG-stimulated and Ca2+-activated protein kinase, termed protein kinase C (PKC) [15], This kinase is ubiquitous in animal cells and is found in some plant cells. Activation of this enzyme by DG occurs by a shift in affinity for Ca2+ from the mM to the sub-juM range, which exists in stimulated cells. Further interest in the DG-activated PKC stimulatory pathway was aroused by the observation that this kinase is the intracellular receptor... 

Elsbach, P., and Weiss, J., 1988, Phagocytosis of bacteria and phospholipid degradation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 947 29-52. 

Asaoka Y, Nakamura S, Yosida K, Nisfaizuka Y Protein kinase C, caldum, and phospholipid degradation. Trends Bioefaem. Sci. 12 414,1992... 

In this context interest is focused on PKC, which plays a key role in mediating signals generated by hormones, growth factors and neurotransmitters (Nishizuka, 1988). Several isoforms of PKC have been described which show distinct sensitivity to Ca2+ and phospholipid-degradation products (Nishizuka, 1988). Their specific function, however, is not defined. It has been demonstrated previously that phorbol esters are potent activators of PKC and induce inhibition of the catalytic domain of the insulin receptor probably via serine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor )8-subunit (Muller et al., 1991). 

The activity of one enzyme was affected by its own reaction products and by substrates and products of the other enzyme. These authors concluded that the mutual lipid-mediated interfaclal modulation between both phosphohydrolytic pathways indicated that phospholipid degradation might be self-amplified or dampened depending on subtle changes of surface pressure and composition. 

Phospholipid synthesis occurs in the membrane of the SER. After phospholipids are synthesized, they are remodeled by altering their fatty acid composition. Phospholipid degradation is catalyzed by several phospholipases. 

Bruhl A., Hafner G., Loffelholz K. Release of choline in the isolated heart, an indicator of ischemic phospholipid degradation and its protection by ischemic preconditioning no evidence for a role of phosphohpase D. Life Sci. 75 (2004) 1609-1620. 

Hildebrand F, Pape HC, Krettek C (2005) The importance of cytokines in the posttraumatic inflammatory reaction. UnfaUchirurg 108 793-794 Homayoun P, Rodriguez de Turco EB, Parkins NE, Lane DC, Soblosky J, Carey ME, Bazan NG (1997) Delayed phospholipid degradation in rat brain tifter traumatic brain injury. J Neurochem 69 199-205... 

Chan, P.M., Yurko, M. and Fishman, R.A. (1982). Phospholipid degradation in cellular edema induced by free radicals in brain cortical slices. Neurochemistry, 38, 525—531... 

ASAHIA t N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase (acid ceramidase) 1 Lipid metabolism/phospholipid degradation... 

The control of phospholipid metabolism in plants is an open area, and further work on this subject may arise from studies of hormonal effects and environmental stress. Such studies will probably involve an initial perturbation (phospholipid degradation) followed by adjustment (phospholipid biosynthesis). Such systems are available for study (Section VII) and should provide more useful information in the future. 

There was no drastic change of lipid classes only the polar glyco-, and phospholipids degraded during the roasting. There is significant change in the quantity of free fatty acids. 

Chan PH, Yurko M, Fishman R (1982) Phospholipid degradation and ceUular edema induced by free radicals in brain slice cortical slices. J Neurochem 38 525-531... 

Fobel M, Lynch DV, Thompson JE. Membrane deterioration in senescing carnation flowers. Coordinated effects of phospholipid degradation and the action of membranous lypoxigenase. Plant Physiol 1987 85 204-11. 

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