Phoca vitulina

Phoca vitulina), pups were dosed PCBs and effects measured on mitogen-induced peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation (Levin et al. 2004). A positive correlation was found between PCB concentrations in blubber and both T-cell mitogen- and B-cell mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation. 

Levin, M., De Guise, S., and Ross, P. (2004). Association between lymphocyter proliferation and PCBs in free-ranging harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) pups from British Columbia. Canada Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24, 1247-1252. 

Anas, R.E. 1974. Heavy metals in northern fur seals, Callorhinus ursinus, and harbor seals, Phoca vitulina richardi. U.S. Dep. Comm. Fish. Bull. 72 133-137. 

Harbor seal, Phoca vitulina richardi Liver ... 

Sweden, 3 species (harbor seal, Phoca vitulina gray seal, Halichoerusgrypus-, ringed seal, Phoca hispida)-, livers and kidneys Usually <0.0006 FW maximum concentrations were 0.17 FW in livers and 0.08 FW in kidneys 69... 

Harbor seal, Phoca vitulina northeast coast of U.S. 1980-92 Blubber 1980 vs. 1990-92 ... 

To understand these processes and correlate residue profiles with specific toxic responses required congener-specific methods of analysis and complex statistical techniques (principal component analysis). Using these techniques, it was established that eggs of Forster s terns of two colonies differed significantly in PCB composition (Schwartz and Stalling 1991). Similar techniques were used to identify various PCB-contaminated populations of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Denmark (Storr-Hansen and Spliid 1993). 

Storr-Hansen, E. and H. Spliid. 1993. Coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congener levels and patterns and the identification of separate populations of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Denmark. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 24 44-58. 

Troisi, G.M. and C.F. Mason. 1997. Cytochromes P450, P420 mixed-function oxidases as biomarkers of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina). Chemosphere 35 1933-1946. 

Sweden, various locations, blubber Harbor seal, Phoca vitulina Adult males 0.4 FW 12... 

Ross, P.S. et al., Relative immunocompetence of the newborn harbour seal, Phoca vitulina, Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 42, 331, 1994. 

Ross, RS. et al., Immune function in free-ranging harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) mothers and their pups during lactation, J. Wildlife. Dis., 29, 21, 1993. 

King, D.P. et al., Identification, characterization, and measurement of immunoglobulin concentrations in grey (Halichoerus grypus) and common (Phoca vitulina) seals, Develop. Comp. Immunol., 18,433, 1994. 

King, D.P. et al., Leucocyte interleukin-1 like activity in the common seal (Phoca vitulina) and grey seal (Halichoerus grypus), J. Comp. Pathol., 113, 253, 1995. 

Dietz, R., Heide-Jorgensen, M.-R, and Harkonen, T., Mass deaths of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Europe, Ambio, 18, 258, 1989. 

De Swart, R.L. et al., Impaired cellular immune response in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) feeding on environmentally contaminated herring, Clin. Exp. Immunol., 101, 480, 1995. 

Hall, A.J. et al., Organochlorine levels in common seals Phoca vitulina) which were victims and survivors of the 1988 phocine distemper epizootic, Sci. Total Environ., 115, 145, 1992. 

Neale, J.C. et al., Proliferative responses of harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) T lymphocytes to model marine pollutants, Dev. Immunol., 9, 215, 2002. 

King, D.P. et al., Molecular cloning and sequencing of interleukin 6 cDNA fragments from the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina), killer whale (Orcinus orca), and Southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis), Immunogenetics, 43, 190, 1996. 

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