Phenyl 4- benzoate

P-Naphthyl benzoate. Dissolve 7 2 g. of p-naphthol in 40 ml. of 5 per cent, sodium hydroxide solution in the cold add a little more water if necessary. If the solution is highly coloured, add 1 - 5 g. of decolourising 

Dissolve 5 g. of phenol in 75 ml. of 10 per cent, sodium hydroxide solution contained in a wide-mouthed reagent bottle or conical flask of about 200 ml. capacity. Add 11 g. (9 ml.) of redistilled benzoyl chloride, cork the vessel securely, and shake the mixture vigorously for 15-20 minutes. At the end of this period the reaction is usually practically complete and a sohd product is obtained. Filter oflf the soUd ester with suction, break up any lumps on the filter, wash thoroughly with water and drain well. RecrystaUise the crude ester from rectified (or methylated) spirit use a quantity of hot solvent approximately twice the minimum volume required for complete solution in order to ensure that the ester does not separate until the temperature of the solution has fallen below the melting point of phenyl benzoate. Filter the hot solution, if necessary, through a hot water funnel or through a Buchner funnel preheated by the filtration of some boiling solvent. Colourless crystals of phenyl benzoate, m.p. 69°, are thus obtained. The yield is 8 g. 

---

Phenyl Benzoate. CeHsCOOCgHs. (Semi-micro Scale.)... 

Hydrolysis of Phenyl Benzoate. The hydrolysis of phenyl benzoate... 

The three chemical reactions in the toluene—benzoic acid process are oxidation of toluene to form benzoic acid, oxidation of benzoic acid to form phenyl benzoate, and hydrolysis of phenyl benzoate to form phenol. A typical process consists of two continuous steps (13,14). In the first step, the oxidation of toluene to benzoic acid is achieved with air and cobalt salt catalyst at a temperature between 121 and 177°C. The reactor is operated at 206 kPa gauge (2.1 kg/cm g uge) and the catalyst concentration is between 0.1 and 0.3%. The reactor effluent is distilled and the purified benzoic acid is collected. The overall yield of this process is beheved to be about 68 mol % of toluene. 

The second processing step, in which benzoic acid is oxidized and hydrolyzed to phenol, is carried out in two reactors in series. In the first reactor, the benzoic acid is oxidized to phenyl benzoate in the presence of air and a catalyst mixture of copper and magnesium salts. The reactor is operated at 234°C and 147 kPa gauge (1.5 kg/cm g uge). The phenyl benzoate is then hydrolyzed with steam in the second reactor to yield phenol and carbon dioxide. This occurs at 200°C and atmospheric pressure. The overall yield of phenol from benzoic acid is around 88 mol %. Figure 2 shows a simplified diagram for the toluene—benzoic acid process. 

Phenylben oate [93-99-2] CgH COOCgH, mp, 70—71°C bp, 314°C at 101.3 kPa. This has been suggested as an antioxidant (qv) for certaiu high temperature lubricants (41). Phenyl benzoate exists as a nonisolated iatermediate iu the production of phenol from benzoic acid. 

Phenyl benzoate [93-99-2] M 198.2, m 69.5 , b 198-199 . Crystd from EtOH using ca twice the volume needed for complete soln at 69°. 

Anisotropy of molecular motion monosubstituted benzene rings, e.g. phenyl benzoate (44), show a very typical characteristic in the para position to the substituents the CH nuclei relax considerably more rapidly than in the ortho and meta positions. The reason for this is the anisotropy... 

Glyceryl tripalmitate (Palmitin) (p. 104) Glyceryl tristearate (Stearin). Phenyl benzoate. . ... 

Only a few diacvl peroxides see widespread use as initiators of polymerization. The reactions of the diaroyl peroxides (36, R=aryl) will be discussed in terms of the chemistry of BPO (Scheme 3.25). The rate of p-scission of thermally generated benzoyloxy radicals is slow relative to cage escape, consequently, both benzoyloxy and phenyl radicals are important as initiating species. In solution, the only significant cage process is reformation of BPO (ca 4% at 80 °C in isooctane) II"l only minute amounts of phenyl benzoate or biphenyl are formed within the cage. Therefore, in the presence of a reactive substrate (e.g. monomer), tire production of radicals can be almost quantitative (see 3.3.2.1.3). 

The importance of the cage reaction increases according to the viscosity of the reaction medium. This contributes to a decrease in initiator efficiency with conversion. 15 1 155 Stickler and Dumont156 determined the initiator efficiency during bulk MMA polymerization at high conversions ca 80%) to be in the range 0.1-0.2 depending on the polymerization temperature. The main initiator-derived byproduct was phenyl benzoate. 

De la Mare and Hassan254 obtained second-order rate coefficients (in parenthesis) for the following 4-methylacetanilide (1.53), 2-methylacetanilide (0.193), 2,6-dimethylacetanilide (0.0118), acetanilide (0.93), 4-acetamidodiphenyl (0.248) and 1,4-diacetamidobenzene (0.231) the results for the acetanilides demonstrated the effect of steric hindrance to coplanarity thereby inhibiting resonance of the nitrogen lone pair with the aromatic ring. The rate coefficients for chlorination of 3-chloroacetanilide (0.215), 4-chloroacetanilide (0.010) 3-nitroacetanilide (6.7 x 10 5) and phenyl benzoate (3.2 x 10-6) have also been measured258,261. 

Since the benzene emission in the thermal decomposition of benzoyl peroxide results from radical transfer by the phenyl component of a benzoyloxy-phenyl radical pair, phenyl benzoate produced by radical combination within the same pair should appear in absorption. A weak transient absorption has been tentatively ascribed to the ester (Lehnig and Fischer, 1970) but the complexity of the spectrum and short relaxation time (Fischer, personal communication) makes unambiguous assignment difficult. Using 4-chlorobenzoyl peroxide in hexachloro-acetone as solvent, however, the simpler spectrum of 4-chlorophenyl 4-chlorobenzoate is clearly seen as enhanced absorption, together with... 

In this section, we will neglect the crystal structures of the mesogenic perfluorinated phenyl benzoates [23-27], benzoic acids [6, 28-31], cinnamic acids [7, 32, 33], dicarboxylic acids [34, 35], and cinnamate compounds [8, 36-40]. The single crystal X-ray analyses of chiral mesogenic carboxylates are described in Sect. 6. 

In the following we will present the crystal structures of mesogenic disubstituted phenyl benzoates containing no cyano group [100-107]. The... 

Table 11. Crystal and molecular data of mesogenic disubstituted phenyl benzoates...

---