Pesticide poisoning routes

Suicide (7511 patients, 66.7%) was the most common intent of exposure. The oral route (8930 patients, 79.2%) was the most common route of exposure. Table 8 shows increased age. suicide attempt, oral exposure, and concurrent exposure with a higher risk of fatality. In terms of age differences, people 19-39 years old comprised the largest number of injured patients. Acute pesticide poisoning mainly involved adults, and the mean age of patients was 43,3 18.9 years. Acute pesticide poisoning was associated with a very high case fatality rate (14.5%), and there was a wide range of differences in clinical severity among various pesticides. 

SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intraperitoneal route. Questionable carcinogen. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mutation data reported. A pesticide. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. 

SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intravenous route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact. Human systemic effects coma, convulsions, dermatitis, mydriasis (pupiUar dilation), nausea or vomiting, stiffness. An eye and skin irritant. Experimental reproductive effects by skin contact. Mutation data reported. Can cause central nervous system disturbances. A pesticide. DEET is the active ingredient in most commercial insect repellents. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NO,. 

SAFETY PROFILE A deadly human poison by ingestion. An experimental poison by ingestion, inhalation, intravenous, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intramuscular routes. Moderately toxic by skin contact. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Human systemic effects body temperature increase, change in heart rate, coma. A skin irritant. Mutation data reported. Phytotoxic. A pesticide. An explosive. Forms explosive salts with alkalies and ammonia. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also NITRO COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS. 

Flammable Liquid, Poison SAFETY PROFILE A poison by ingestion, skin contact, and subcutaneous routes. Very irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Human systemic effects by ingestion convulsions, change in motor activity, coma. An agricultural chemical and pesticide. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fiimes of NO and SOx. See also THIOCYANATES. 

The statements that immediately follow the signal word, either on the front or side of the pesticide label, indicate which route or routes of entry into the body (mouth, skin, lungs, eyes) you must particularly protect. Many pesticide products are hazardous by more than one route, so study these statements carefully. DANGER-POISON followed by "May be fatal if swallowed or inhaled" gives a far different warning than "DANGER CORROSIVE—causes eye damage and severe skin bums."... 

In humans, the primary routes of exposure to these pesticides is consumption of contaminated food and ingestion of drinking water from contaminated wells. Cases of occupational overexposure are usually uncommon. Poisoning from skin contact is very rare. 

Like most other classes of pesticides and herbicides, the degree of toxicity of triazines has been found to vary with compounds. Thus, the toxicity may not be solely attributed to the triazine ring. For example, while substances such as atrazine, metribuzin, and cyanazine are moderately toxic by all routes of exposure, compounds such as prometryn and propazine have a very low order of toxicity. However, no cases of human poisonings have been reported. A few selected triazine herbicides are discussed individually in the following sections. 

The time course of poisoning is dependent on the type of agent, the dose incorporated, and the route of exposure. Symptoms appeared minutes after inhalation of nerve agents and minutes to hours after incorporation of OP pesticides. Death can be observed (without treatment) within minutes after nerve agent inhalation and within hours to days after OP pesticide exposure. Description of the course of poisoning with OP and nerve agents can be found in many publications, either national or international, and it is mentioned in various different publications (B29, Ml, M2, LI5, and others). 

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